/****************************************************************************

 Copyright (C) 2002-2013 Gilles Debunne. All rights reserved.

 This file is part of the QGLViewer library version 2.5.0.

 http://www.libqglviewer.com - contact@libqglviewer.com

 This file may be used under the terms of the GNU General Public License 
 versions 2.0 or 3.0 as published by the Free Software Foundation and
 appearing in the LICENSE file included in the packaging of this file.
 In addition, as a special exception, Gilles Debunne gives you certain 
 additional rights, described in the file GPL_EXCEPTION in this package.

 libQGLViewer uses dual licensing. Commercial/proprietary software must
 purchase a libQGLViewer Commercial License.

 This file is provided AS IS with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE
 WARRANTY OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

*****************************************************************************/

#include "board.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;
using namespace dvonn;

namespace
{
  void
  resetStatus(pair<Stack,int>& b)
  {
    b.second = -1;
  }
  void
  clearStacks(pair<Stack,int>& b)
  {
    b.first.clear();
  }
  unsigned int
  hasLessPieces(const pair<Stack,int>& s,const pair<Stack,int>& t)
  {
    return s.first.height() < t.first.height();
  }
}
const char*
dvonn::nameOf(const Color p)
{
  return p==White?"White":(p==Red?"Red":"Black");
}
//************************************************************
// Implementation of Piece
//************************************************************
Color
Piece::color() const
{
  return color_;
}
bool
Piece::isWhite() const
{
  return color_ == White;
}
bool
Piece::isBlack() const
{
  return color_ == Black;
}
bool
Piece::isRed() const
{
  return color_ == Red;
}
bool
Piece::is(Color c) const
{
  return color_ == c;
}
Piece::Piece(Color c)
  : color_(c)
{
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& s,const Piece& p)
{
  static const char* v[nbColors] = { "R","W","B" };
  return s<<v[p.color()];
}
//************************************************************
// Implementation of Stack
//************************************************************
unsigned int
Stack::height() const
{
  return size();
}
bool
Stack::hasRed() const
{
  return find_if(begin(),end(),mem_fun(&Piece::isRed)) != end();
}
bool
Stack::hasPieces() const
{
  return !empty();
}
const Piece*
Stack::onTop() const
{
  return hasPieces()?back():NULL;
}
Stack::Stack()
{
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& s,const Stack& t)
{
  s<<(t.hasRed()?'*':' ')<<t.size();
  if (t.hasPieces()) s<<(*t.onTop()); else s<<' ';
  return s;
}
//************************************************************
// Implementation of Board
//************************************************************
unsigned int
Board::nbSpacesMaxOnRow()
{
  return 11;
}
unsigned int
Board::nbRows()
{
  return 5;
}
bool
Board::isValid(Coord c)
{
  const int yL = nbRows()/2;
  const int yR = nbRows()-nbRows()/2;
  const int nC = nbRows()%2;
  return
    ((c.y() >= 0 &&
      c.y() < yL &&
      c.x() >=0 &&
      c.x()<=static_cast<int>(nbSpacesMaxOnRow())-(yL-c.y())-nC) ||
      (nC == 1 &&
       c.y() == yL &&
       c.x()>=0 &&
       c.x()<static_cast<int>(nbSpacesMaxOnRow())) ||
     (c.y() >= yR &&
      c.y() < static_cast<int>(nbRows()) &&
      c.x() >= c.y()-yR+nC &&
      c.x() < static_cast<int>(nbSpacesMaxOnRow())));
}
bool
Board::areAligned(Coord c0,Coord c1)
{
  const int dx = c1.x()-c0.x();
  const int dy = c1.y()-c0.y();
  return dx == 0 || dy == 0 || dx == dy;
}
unsigned int
Board::distance(Coord c0,Coord c1)
{
  const int dx = c1.x()-c0.x();
  const int dy = c1.y()-c0.y();
  return max(abs(dx),abs(dy));
}
unsigned int
Board::nbPieces(Color c)
{
  switch (c)
  {
  case Red:   return 3;
  case White: return 23;
  case Black: return 23;
  }
  return 0;
}
Board::Board()
  : spaces_(nbSpacesMaxOnRow()*nbRows())
{
  reinit();
  for (unsigned int n=0;n<nbColors;++n)
  {
    Color c = static_cast<Color>(n);
    for (unsigned int i=0;i<nbPieces(c);++i)
    {
      pieces_.push_back(Piece(c));
    }
  }
}
void
Board::reinit()
{
  unplaced_[0] = stack<const Piece*>();
  unplaced_[1] = stack<const Piece*>();
  unplaced_[2] = stack<const Piece*>();
  for (deque<Piece>::const_iterator iter=pieces_.begin();
       iter !=pieces_.end();++iter)
  {
      unplaced_[iter->color()].push(&(*iter));
  }
  for_each(spaces_.begin(),spaces_.end(),resetStatus);
  for_each(spaces_.begin(),spaces_.end(),clearStacks);
  redSpaces_.clear();
}
Board::~Board()
{
}
unsigned int
Board::coord2idx(Coord c)
{
  return c.x()+c.y()*nbSpacesMaxOnRow();
}
Board::Coord
Board::idx2coord(unsigned int n)
{
  return Coord(n%nbSpacesMaxOnRow(),n/nbSpacesMaxOnRow());
}
Board::ConstStackHandle
Board::stackAt(Coord c) const
{
  return ConstStackHandle(c,&(spaces_[coord2idx(c)]));
}
Board::ConstStackHandle
Board::stackAt(int x,int y) const
{
  return stackAt(Coord(x,y));
}
Board::ConstStackIterator
Board::stacks_begin() const
{
  return ConstStackIterator(Coord(0,0),&(spaces_[0]),this);
}
Board::ConstStackIterator
Board::stacks_end() const
{
  return ConstStackIterator(Coord(-1,-1),NULL,this);
}
string
Board::prettyPrinted(const char* prefix) const
{
  ostringstream os;
  const int yL = nbRows()/2;
  const int yR = nbRows()-nbRows()/2;
  const int nC = nbRows()%2;
  for (int y=nbRows()-1;y>=yR;--y)
  {
    os<<prefix<<string(2*(y-yR+nC),' ');
    for (int x=y-yR+nC;x<static_cast<int>(nbSpacesMaxOnRow());++x)
    {
      os<<(*stackAt(Coord(x,y)))<<' ';
    }
    os<<'\n';
  }
  if (nC == 1)
  {
    os<<prefix;
    for (int x=0;x<static_cast<int>(nbSpacesMaxOnRow());++x)
    {
      os<<(*stackAt(Coord(x,yL)))<<' ';
    }
    os<<endl;
  }
  for (int y=yL-1;y>=0;--y)
  {
    os<<prefix<<string(2*(yL-y+nC-1),' ');
    for (int x=0;x<=static_cast<int>(nbSpacesMaxOnRow())-(yL-y)-nC;++x)
    {
      os<<(*stackAt(Coord(x,y)))<<' ';
    }
    os<<'\n';
  }
  return os.str();
}
unsigned int
Board::nbUnplacedPieces(Color c) const
{
  return unplaced_[c].size();
}
const Piece*
Board::getUnplacedPiece(Color c) const
{
  if (unplaced_[c].empty()) return NULL;
  return unplaced_[c].top();
}
/*!
 * You can place only a piece at a valid coord, and a piece that is
 * unplaced. So you must first get it with getUnplacedPiece(). Once it is
 * placed, calling this function again with the same piece will do nothing.
 */
void
Board::place(const Piece* p,Coord c)
{
  if (p && p == getUnplacedPiece(p->color()) && isValid(c))
  {
    spaces_[coord2idx(c)].first.push_back(p);
    unplaced_[p->color()].pop();
    if (p->color() == Red)
    {
      redSpaces_[p] = c;
    }
  }
}
/*!
 * A move is made only if src and dst are valid.
 */
Board::Ghosts
Board::move(Coord src,Coord dst,bool killDeads)
{
  Ghosts ghosts;
  if (isValid(src) && isValid(dst))
  {
    Stack& s = spaces_[coord2idx(src)].first;
    Stack& d = spaces_[coord2idx(dst)].first;
    // If the src destination was containing a red
    Stack::const_iterator fter = find_if(s.begin(),s.end(),mem_fun(&Piece::isRed));
    if (fter != s.end())
    {
      redSpaces_[*fter] = dst;
    }
    // Move the pieces from src to dst
    d.insert(d.end(),s.begin(),s.end());
    s.clear();
    updateStatus(ghosts,killDeads);
  }
  return ghosts;
}
void
Board::updateStatus(Ghosts& ghosts,bool killDeads)
{
  // We now need to update the status of the cases
  for_each(spaces_.begin(),spaces_.end(),resetStatus);
  stack<Coord> toVisit;
  // Start from the reds...
  for (map<const Piece*,Coord>::const_iterator
	 iter = redSpaces_.begin();
       iter != redSpaces_.end();++iter)
  {
    int i = coord2idx(iter->second);
    spaces_[i].second = i;
    toVisit.push(iter->second);
  }
  /// ...and propagate.
  while (!toVisit.empty())
  {
    Coord c = toVisit.top();toVisit.pop();
    int l = spaces_[coord2idx(c)].second;
    Coord n[6] = {
      Coord(c.x()-1,c.y()  ),
      Coord(c.x()+1,c.y()  ),
      Coord(c.x()  ,c.y()-1),
      Coord(c.x()  ,c.y()+1),
      Coord(c.x()-1,c.y()-1),
      Coord(c.x()+1,c.y()+1)
    };
    for (unsigned int i=0;i<6;++i)
    {
      if (!isValid(n[i])) continue;
      unsigned int p = coord2idx(n[i]);
      Space& s = spaces_[p];
      if (s.second == -1 && s.first.hasPieces())
      {
	s .second = l;
	toVisit.push(n[i]);
      }
    }
  }
  // Now get rid of the dead
  if (killDeads)
  {
    unsigned int i = 0;
    for (vector<Space>::iterator iter = spaces_.begin();
	 iter != spaces_.end();++iter,++i)
    {
      if (iter->second == -1 && iter->first.hasPieces())
      {
	ghosts.push_back(Ghost(idx2coord(i),iter->first));
	iter->first.clear();
      }
    }
  }
}
bool
Board::isFree(const Board::ConstStackHandle& h) const
{
  Coord c = h.stackCoord();

  if (!isValid(c) || !stackAt(c)->hasPieces()) return false;

  Coord c0 = Coord(c.x()+1,c.y()  );
  Coord c1 = Coord(c.x()-1,c.y()  );
  Coord c2 = Coord(c.x()  ,c.y()+1);
  Coord c3 = Coord(c.x()  ,c.y()-1);
  Coord c4 = Coord(c.x()+1,c.y()+1);
  Coord c5 = Coord(c.x()-1,c.y()-1);
  return ((!isValid(c0) || !stackAt(c0)->hasPieces()) ||
	  (!isValid(c1) || !stackAt(c1)->hasPieces()) ||
	  (!isValid(c2) || !stackAt(c2)->hasPieces()) ||
	  (!isValid(c3) || !stackAt(c3)->hasPieces()) ||
	  (!isValid(c4) || !stackAt(c4)->hasPieces()) ||
	  (!isValid(c5) || !stackAt(c5)->hasPieces()));
}
unsigned int
Board::heightMax() const
{
  return max_element(spaces_.begin(),
		     spaces_.end(),
		     hasLessPieces)->first.height();
}
Board::State
Board::state() const
{
  State s;
  s.spaces_      = spaces_;
  s.redSpaces_   = redSpaces_;
  s.unplaced_[0] = unplaced_[0];
  s.unplaced_[1] = unplaced_[1];
  s.unplaced_[2] = unplaced_[2];
  return s;
}
void
Board::restore(State s)
{
  spaces_      = s.spaces_;
  redSpaces_   = s.redSpaces_;
  unplaced_[0] = s.unplaced_[0];
  unplaced_[1] = s.unplaced_[1];
  unplaced_[2] = s.unplaced_[2];
}
//************************************************************
// Implementation of Board::Coord
//************************************************************
Board::Coord::Coord(int x,int y)
  : x_(x),
    y_(y)
{
}
int
Board::Coord::x() const
{
  return x_;
}
int
Board::Coord::y() const
{
  return y_;
}
bool
Board::Coord::operator==(const Board::Coord other) const
{
  return x_ == other.x_ && y_ == other.y_;
}
bool
Board::Coord::operator!=(const Board::Coord other) const
{
  return !operator==(other);
}
bool
Board::Coord::operator<(const Board::Coord other) const
{
  return x_ < other.x_ || (x_ == other.x_ && y_ < other.y_);
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& s,const Board::Coord c)
{
  return s<<'['<<((char) (c.x()+(int) 'A'))<<c.y()<<']';
}
//************************************************************
// Implementation of Board::ConstStackHandle
//************************************************************
Board::ConstStackHandle::~ConstStackHandle()
{
}
Board::ConstStackHandle::operator bool() const
{
  return space_ != NULL;
}
const Stack*
Board::ConstStackHandle::operator->() const
{
  return &(space_->first);
}
const Stack&
Board::ConstStackHandle::operator*() const
{
  return space_->first;
}
bool
Board::ConstStackHandle::operator==(const ConstStackHandle& other) const
{
  return (space_ == other.space_ && coord_ == other.coord_);
}
bool
Board::ConstStackHandle::operator!=(const ConstStackHandle& other) const
{
  return !operator==(other);
}
Board::Coord
Board::ConstStackHandle::stackCoord() const
{
  return coord_;
}
int
Board::ConstStackHandle::stackStatus() const
{
  return space_->second;
}
Board::ConstStackHandle::ConstStackHandle()
  : coord_(-1,-1),
    space_(NULL)
{
}
Board::ConstStackHandle::ConstStackHandle(Coord c,const Space* s)
  : coord_(c),
    space_(s)
{
}
void
Board::ConstStackHandle::setCoord(Coord c)
{
  coord_ = c;
}
void
Board::ConstStackHandle::setSpace(const Space* s)
{
  space_ = s;
}
const Board::Space*
Board::ConstStackHandle::space() const
{
  return space_;
}
bool
Board::ConstStackHandle::isNull() const
{
  return !(*this);
}
Board::ConstStackHandle
Board::ConstStackHandle::null()
{
  return ConstStackHandle();
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& s,const dvonn::Board::ConstStackHandle& h)
{
  if (h) return s<<'('<<h.stackCoord()<<" : "<<(*h)<<')';

  return s<<"null";
}
//************************************************************
// Implementation of Board::ConstStackIterator
//************************************************************
Board::ConstStackIterator::~ConstStackIterator()
{
}
bool
Board::ConstStackIterator::operator==(const ConstStackHandle& other) const
{
  const ConstStackIterator* pother =
    dynamic_cast<const ConstStackIterator*>(&other);
  if (!pother) return ConstStackHandle::operator==(other);
  return operator==(*pother);
}
bool
Board::ConstStackIterator::operator!=(const ConstStackHandle& other) const
{
  return !operator==(other);
}
/*!
 * To be equal, they must have same board, and same handle.
 */
bool
Board::ConstStackIterator::operator==(const ConstStackIterator& other) const
{
  return
    (board_ == other.board_ &&
     ConstStackHandle::operator==(other));
}
bool
Board::ConstStackIterator::operator!=(const ConstStackIterator& other) const
{
  return !operator==(other);
}
Board::ConstStackIterator&
Board::ConstStackIterator::operator++()
{
  if (!operator bool()) return *this;

  int x = stackCoord().x();
  int y = stackCoord().y();
  do
  {
    if (++x >= static_cast<int>(nbSpacesMaxOnRow()))
    {
      x=0;
      if (++y >= static_cast<int>(nbRows()))
      {
	setSpace(NULL);
	setCoord(Coord(-1,-1));
	return *this;
      }
    }
  } while (!isValid(Coord(x,y)));

  setCoord(Coord(x,y));
  setSpace(&(board_->spaces_[Board::coord2idx(Coord(x,y))]));

  return *this;
}
/*!
 * Rk: the default ConstStackIterator is not equal to the stacks_end()
 * iterator of a Board.
 */
Board::ConstStackIterator::ConstStackIterator()
  : Board::ConstStackHandle(),
    board_(NULL)
{
}
Board::ConstStackIterator::ConstStackIterator(Coord c,
					      const Space* s,
					      const Board* b)
  : Board::ConstStackHandle(c,s),
    board_(b)
{
}
//************************************************************
// Implementation of Board::Ghost
//************************************************************
Board::Ghost::Ghost(Board::Coord c,const Stack& s)
  : coord(c),
    stack(s.begin(),s.end())
{
}
