/*
//@HEADER
// ************************************************************************
// 
//                        Kokkos v. 2.0
//              Copyright (2014) Sandia Corporation
// 
// Under the terms of Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000 with Sandia Corporation,
// the U.S. Government retains certain rights in this software.
// 
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
// 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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// 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
//
// 3. Neither the name of the Corporation nor the names of the
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY SANDIA CORPORATION "AS IS" AND ANY
// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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// Questions? Contact  H. Carter Edwards (hcedwar@sandia.gov)
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*/

#include <Kokkos_Core.hpp>
#include <Kokkos_Random.hpp>
#include <Kokkos_DualView.hpp>
#include <impl/Kokkos_Timer.hpp>
#include <cstdlib>

typedef Kokkos::HostSpace::execution_space DefaultHostType;

// Kokkos provides two different random number generators with a 64 bit and a 1024 bit state.
// These generators are based on Vigna, Sebastiano (2014). "An experimental exploration of Marsaglia's xorshift generators, scrambled"
// See: http://arxiv.org/abs/1402.6246
// The generators can be used fully independently on each thread and have been tested to
// produce good statistics for both inter and intra thread numbers.
// Note that within a kernel NO random number operations are (team) collective operations.
// Everything can be called within branches. This is a difference to the curand library where
// certain operations are required to be called by all threads in a block.
//
// In Kokkos you are required to create a pool of generator states, so that threads can
// grep their own. On CPU architectures the pool size is equal to the thread number,
// on CUDA about 128k states are generated (enough to give every potentially simultaneously
// running thread its own state). With a kernel a thread is required to aquire a state from the
// pool and later return it.
// On CPUs the Random number generator is deterministic if using the same number of threads.
// On GPUs (i.e. using the CUDA backend it is not deterministic because threads aquire states via
// atomics.

// A Functor for generating uint64_t random numbers templated on the GeneratorPool type
template<class GeneratorPool>
struct generate_random {

  // The GeneratorPool
  GeneratorPool rand_pool;

  // Output View for the random numbers
  Kokkos::View<uint64_t*> vals;
  int samples;

  // Initialize all members
  generate_random(Kokkos::View<uint64_t*> vals_,
                       GeneratorPool rand_pool_,
                       int samples_):
                       vals(vals_),rand_pool(rand_pool_),samples(samples_) {}

  KOKKOS_INLINE_FUNCTION
  void operator() (int i) const {
    // Get a random number state from the pool for the active thread
    typename GeneratorPool::generator_type rand_gen = rand_pool.get_state();

    // Draw samples numbers from the pool as urand64 between 0 and rand_pool.MAX_URAND64
    // Note there are function calls to get other type of scalars, and also to specify
    // Ranges or get a normal distributed float.
    for(int k = 0;k<samples;k++)
      vals(i*samples+k) = rand_gen.urand64();

    // Give the state back, which will allow another thread to aquire it
    rand_pool.free_state(rand_gen);
  }
};




int main(int argc, char* args[]) {
  if (argc != 3){
	printf("Please pass two integers on the command line\n");
  }
  else {

  // Initialize Kokkos
  Kokkos::initialize(argc,args);
  int size = atoi(args[1]);
  int samples = atoi(args[2]);

  // Create two random number generator pools one for 64bit states and one for 1024 bit states
  // Both take an 64 bit unsigned integer seed to initialize a Random_XorShift64 generator which
  // is used to fill the generators of the pool.
  Kokkos::Random_XorShift64_Pool<> rand_pool64(5374857);
  Kokkos::Random_XorShift1024_Pool<> rand_pool1024(5374857);
  Kokkos::DualView<uint64_t*> vals("Vals",size*samples);

  // Run some performance comparisons
  Kokkos::Timer timer;
  Kokkos::parallel_for(size,generate_random<Kokkos::Random_XorShift64_Pool<> >(vals.d_view,rand_pool64,samples));
  Kokkos::fence();

  timer.reset();
  Kokkos::parallel_for(size,generate_random<Kokkos::Random_XorShift64_Pool<> >(vals.d_view,rand_pool64,samples));
  Kokkos::fence();
  double time_64 = timer.seconds();

  Kokkos::parallel_for(size,generate_random<Kokkos::Random_XorShift1024_Pool<> >(vals.d_view,rand_pool1024,samples));
  Kokkos::fence();

  timer.reset();
  Kokkos::parallel_for(size,generate_random<Kokkos::Random_XorShift1024_Pool<> >(vals.d_view,rand_pool1024,samples));
  Kokkos::fence();
  double time_1024 = timer.seconds();

  printf("#Time XorShift64*:   %lf %lf\n",time_64,1.0e-9*samples*size/time_64 );
  printf("#Time XorShift1024*: %lf %lf\n",time_1024,1.0e-9*samples*size/time_1024 );

  Kokkos::deep_copy(vals.h_view,vals.d_view);

  Kokkos::finalize();
  }
  return 0;
}


