.TH FIREJAIL-PROFILE 5 "MONTH YEAR" "VERSION" "firejail profiles man page"
.SH NAME
profile \- Security profile file syntax for Firejail

.SH USAGE
.TP
firejail \-\-profile=filename.profile
.RE
firejail \-\-profile=profile_name

.SH DESCRIPTION
Several command line options can be passed to the program using
profile files. Firejail chooses the profile file as follows:

\fB1.\fR If a profile file is provided by the user with \-\-profile option, the profile file is loaded. If a profile name is given, it is searched for first in the ~/.config/firejail directory and if not found then in  /etc/firejail directory. Profile names do not include the .profile suffix.
Example:
.PP
.RS
$ firejail --profile=/home/netblue/icecat.profile icecat
.br
Reading profile /home/netblue/icecat.profile
.br
[...]
.RE

.PP
.RS
$ firejail --profile=icecat icecat-wrapper.sh
.br
Reading profile /etc/firejail/icecat.profile
.br
[...]
.RE

\fB2.\fR If a profile file with the same name as the application is present in ~/.config/firejail directory or
in /etc/firejail, the profile is loaded. ~/.config/firejail takes precedence over /etc/firejail. Example:
.PP
.RS
$ firejail icecat
.br
Command name #icecat#
.br
Found icecat profile in /home/netblue/.config/firejail directory
.br
Reading profile /home/netblue/.config/firejail/icecat.profile
.br
[...]
.RE

\fB3.\fR Use a default.profile file if the sandbox
is started by a regular user, or a server.profile file if the sandbox
is started by root. Firejail looks for these files in ~/.config/firejail directory, followed by /etc/firejail directory.
To disable default profile loading, use --noprofile command option. Example:
.PP
.RS
$ firejail
.br
Reading profile /etc/firejail/default.profile
.br
Parent pid 8553, child pid 8554
.br
Child process initialized
.br
[...]
.br

.br
$ firejail \-\-noprofile
.br
Parent pid 8553, child pid 8554
.br
Child process initialized
.br
[...]
.RE

.SH Templates
In /usr/share/doc/firejail there are two templates to write new profiles.
.RS
profile.template - for regular profiles
.br
redirect_alias-profile.template - for aliasing/redirecting profiles
.RE


.SH Scripting
Scripting commands:

.TP
\fBFile and directory names
File and directory names containing spaces are supported. The space character ' ' should not be escaped.

Example: "blacklist ~/My Virtual Machines"

.TP
\fB# this is a comment

.TP
\fB?CONDITIONAL: profile line
Conditionally add profile line.

Example: "?HAS_APPIMAGE: whitelist ${HOME}/special/appimage/dir"

This example will load the whitelist profile line only if the \-\-appimage option has been specified on the command line.

Currently the only conditionals supported this way are HAS_APPIMAGE, HAS_NET, HAS_NODBUS and HAS_X11. The conditionals BROWSER_DISABLE_U2F and BROWSER_ALLOW_DRM
can be enabled or disabled globally in Firejail's configuration file.

The profile line may be any profile line that you would normally use in a profile \fBexcept\fR for "quiet" and "include" lines.

.TP
\fBinclude other.profile
Include other.profile file.

Example: "include /etc/firejail/disable-common.inc"

The file name can be prefixed with a macro such as ${HOME} or ${CFG}.
${HOME} is expanded as user home directory, and ${CFG} is expanded as
Firejail system configuration directory - in most cases /etc/firejail or
/usr/local/etc/firejail.

Example: "include ${HOME}/myprofiles/profile1" will load "~/myprofiles/profile1" file.

Example: "include ${CFG}/firefox.profile" will load "/etc/firejail/firefox.profile" file.

The file name may also be just the name without the leading directory components.  In this case, first the user config directory (${HOME}/.config/firejail) is searched for the file name and if not found then the system configuration directory is search for the file name.  Note: Unlike the \-\-profile option which takes a profile name without the '.profile' suffix, include must be given the full file name.

Example: "include firefox.profile" will load "${HOME}/.config/firejail/firefox.profile" file and if it does not exist "${CFG}/firefox.profile" will be loaded.

System configuration files in ${CFG} are overwritten during software installation.
Persistent configuration at system level is handled in ".local" files. For every
profile file in ${CFG} directory, the user can create a corresponding .local file
storing modifications to the persistent configuration. Persistent .local files
are included at the start of regular profile files.

.TP
\fBnoblacklist file_name
If the file name matches file_name, the file will not be blacklisted in any blacklist commands that follow.

Example: "noblacklist ${HOME}/.mozilla"

.TP
\fBnowhitelist file_name
If the file name matches file_name, the file will not be whitelisted in any whitelist commands that follow.

Example: "nowhitelist ~/.config"

.TP
\fBignore
Ignore command.

Example: "ignore seccomp"
.br
Example: "ignore net eth0"

.TP
\fBquiet
Disable Firejail's output. This should be the first uncommented command in the profile file.

Example: "quiet"

.SH Filesystem
These profile entries define a chroot filesystem built on top of the existing
host filesystem. Each line describes a file/directory that is inaccessible
(\fBblacklist\fR), a read-only file or directory (\fBread-only\fR),
a tmpfs mounted on top of an existing directory (\fBtmpfs\fR),
or mount-bind a directory or file on top of another directory or file (\fBbind\fR).
Use \fBprivate\fR to set private mode.
File globbing is supported, and PATH and HOME directories are searched.
Examples:
.TP
\fBblacklist file_or_directory
Blacklist directory or file. Examples:
.br

.br
blacklist /usr/bin
.br
blacklist /usr/bin/gcc*
.br
blacklist ${PATH}/ifconfig
.br
blacklist ${HOME}/.ssh

.TP
\fBblacklist-nolog file_or_directory
When --tracelog flag is set, blacklisting generates syslog messages if the sandbox tries to access the file or directory.
blacklist-nolog command disables syslog messages for this particular file or directory. Examples:
.br

.br
blacklist-nolog /usr/bin
.br
blacklist-nolog /usr/bin/gcc*

.TP
\fBbind directory1,directory2
Mount-bind directory1 on top of directory2. This option is only available when running as root.
.TP
\fBbind file1,file2
Mount-bind file1 on top of file2. This option is only available when running as root.
.TP
\fBdisable-mnt
Disable /mnt, /media, /run/mount and /run/media access.
.TP
\fBkeep-dev-shm
/dev/shm directory is untouched (even with private-dev).
.TP
\fBkeep-var-tmp
/var/tmp directory is untouched.
.TP
\fBmkdir directory
Create a directory in user home or under /tmp before the sandbox is started.
The directory is created if it doesn't already exist.
.br

.br
Use this command for whitelisted directories you need to preserve
when the sandbox is closed. Without it, the application will create the directory, and the directory
will be deleted when the sandbox is closed. Subdirectories are recursively created. Example from
firefox profile:
.br

.br
mkdir ~/.mozilla
.br
whitelist ~/.mozilla
.br
mkdir ~/.cache/mozilla/firefox
.br
whitelist ~/.cache/mozilla/firefox
.TP
\fBmkfile file
Similar to mkdir, this command creates a file in user home or under /tmp before the sandbox is started.
The file is created if it doesn't already exist.
.TP
\fBnoexec file_or_directory
Remount the file or the directory noexec, nodev and nosuid.
.TP
\fBoverlay
Mount  a  filesystem  overlay  on top of the current filesystem.
The overlay is stored in $HOME/.firejail/<PID>  directory.
.TP
\fBoverlay-named name
Mount  a  filesystem  overlay  on top of the current filesystem.
The overlay is stored in $HOME/.firejail/name  directory.
.TP
\fBoverlay-tmpfs
Mount  a  filesystem  overlay  on top of the current filesystem.
All filesystem  modifications are discarded when the sandbox is closed.
.TP
\fBprivate
Mount new /root and /home/user directories in temporary
filesystems. All modifications are discarded when the sandbox is
closed.
.TP
\fBprivate directory
Use directory as user home.
.TP
\fBprivate-bin file,file
Build a new /bin in a temporary filesystem, and copy the programs in the list.
The same directory is also bind-mounted over /sbin, /usr/bin and /usr/sbin.
.TP
\fBprivate-cache
Mount an empty temporary filesystem on top of the .cache directory in user home. All
modifications are discarded when the sandbox is closed.
.TP
\fBprivate-cwd
Set working directory inside jail to the home directory, and failing that, the root directory.
.TP
\fBprivate-cwd directory
Set working directory inside the jail.
.TP
\fBprivate-dev
Create a new /dev directory. Only disc, dri, dvb, hidraw, null, full, zero, tty, pts, ptmx,
random, snd, urandom, video, log, shm and usb devices are available.
Use the options no3d, nodvd, nosound, notv, nou2f and novideo for additional restrictions.

.TP
\fBprivate-etc file,directory
Build a new /etc in a temporary
filesystem, and copy the files and directories in the list.
All modifications are discarded when the sandbox is closed.
.TP
\fBprivate-home file,directory
Build a new user home in a temporary
filesystem, and copy the files and directories in the list in the
new home. All modifications are discarded when the sandbox is
closed.
.TP
\fBprivate-lib file,directory
Build a new /lib directory and bring in the libraries required by the application to run.
This feature is still under development, see \fBman 1 firejail\fR for some examples.
.TP
\fBprivate-opt file,directory
Build a new /opt in a temporary
filesystem, and copy the files and directories in the list.
All modifications are discarded when the sandbox is closed.
.TP
\fBprivate-srv file,directory
Build a new /srv in a temporary
filesystem, and copy the files and directories in the list.
All modifications are discarded when the sandbox is closed.
.TP
\fBprivate-tmp
Mount an empty temporary filesystem on top of /tmp directory whitelisting /tmp/.X11-unix.
.TP
\fBread-only file_or_directory
Make directory or file read-only.
.TP
\fBread-write file_or_directory
Make directory or file read-write.
.TP
\fBtmpfs directory
Mount an empty tmpfs filesystem on top of directory. This option is available only when running the sandbox as root.
.TP
\fBtracelog
Blacklist violations logged to syslog.
.TP
\fBwhitelist file_or_directory
Whitelist directory or file. A temporary file system is mounted on the top directory, and the
whitelisted files are mount-binded inside. Modifications to whitelisted files are persistent,
everything else is discarded when the sandbox is closed. The top directory could be
user home, /dev, /etc, /media, /mnt, /opt, /srv, /sys/module, /usr/share, /var, and /tmp.
.br

.br
Symbolic link handling: with the exception of user home, both the link and the real file should be in
the same top directory. For user home, both the link and the real file should be owned by the user.
.TP
\fBwritable-etc
Mount /etc directory read-write.
.TP
\fBwritable-run-user
Disable the default blacklisting of run/user/$UID/systemd and /run/user/$UID/gnupg.
.TP
\fBwritable-var
Mount /var directory read-write.
.TP
\fBwritable-var-log
Use the real /var/log directory, not a clone. By default, a tmpfs is mounted on top of /var/log
directory, and a skeleton filesystem is created based on the original /var/log.

.SH Security filters
The following security filters are currently implemented:

.TP
\fBallow-debuggers
Allow tools such as strace and gdb inside the sandbox by whitelisting system calls ptrace and process_vm_readv.
.TP
\fBapparmor
Enable AppArmor confinement.
.TP
\fBcaps
Enable default Linux capabilities filter.
.TP
\fBcaps.drop capability,capability,capability
Blacklist given Linux capabilities.
.TP
\fBcaps.drop all
Blacklist all Linux capabilities.
.TP
\fBcaps.keep capability,capability,capability
Whitelist given Linux capabilities.
.TP
\fBmemory-deny-write-execute
Install a seccomp filter to block attempts to create memory mappings
that are both writable and executable, to change mappings to be
executable or to create executable shared memory.
.TP
\fBnonewprivs
Sets the NO_NEW_PRIVS prctl.  This ensures that child processes
cannot acquire new privileges using execve(2);  in particular,
this means that calling a suid binary (or one with file capabilities)
does not result in an increase of privilege.
.TP
\fBnoroot
Use this command  to enable an user namespace. The namespace has only one user, the current user.
There is no root account (uid 0) defined in the namespace.
.TP
\fBprotocol protocol1,protocol2,protocol3
Enable protocol filter. The filter is based on seccomp and  checks the
first argument to socket system call. Recognized values: \fBunix\fR,
\fBinet\fR, \fBinet6\fR, \fBnetlink\fR and \fBpacket\fR.
.TP
\fBseccomp
Enable seccomp filter and blacklist the syscalls in the default list. See man 1 firejail for more details.
.TP
\fBseccomp syscall,syscall,syscall
Enable seccomp filter and blacklist the system calls in the list on top of default seccomp filter.
.TP
\fBseccomp.block-secondary
Enable seccomp filter and filter system call architectures
so that only the native architecture is allowed.
.TP
\fBseccomp.drop syscall,syscall,syscall
Enable seccomp filter and blacklist  the system calls in the list.
.TP
\fBseccomp.keep syscall,syscall,syscall
Enable seccomp filter and whitelist the system calls in the list.
.TP
\fBx11
Enable X11 sandboxing.
.TP
\fBx11 none
Blacklist /tmp/.X11-unix directory, ${HOME}/.Xauthority and file specified in ${XAUTHORITY} environment variable.
Remove DISPLAY and XAUTHORITY environment variables.
Stop with error message if X11 abstract socket will be accessible in jail.
.TP
\fBx11 xephyr
Enable X11 sandboxing with Xephyr server.
.TP
\fBx11 xorg
Enable X11 sandboxing with X11 security extension.
.TP
\fBx11 xpra
Enable X11 sandboxing with Xpra server.
.TP
\fBx11 xvfb
Enable X11 sandboxing with Xvfb server.
.TP
\fBxephyr-screen WIDTHxHEIGHT
Set screen size for x11 xephyr. This command should be included in the profile file before x11 xephyr command.
.br

.br
Example:
.br

.br
xephyr-screen 640x480
.br
x11 xephyr



.SH Resource limits, CPU affinity, Control Groups
These profile entries define the limits on system resources (rlimits) for the processes inside the sandbox.
The limits can be modified inside the sandbox using the regular \fBulimit\fR command. \fBcpu\fR command
configures the CPU cores available, and \fBcgroup\fR command
place the sandbox in an existing control group.

Examples:

.TP
\fBcgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/g1/tasks
The sandbox is placed in g1 control group.
.TP
\fBcpu 0,1,2
Use only CPU cores 0, 1 and 2.
.TP
\fBnice -5
Set a nice value of -5 to all processes running inside the sandbox.
.TP
\fBrlimit-as 123456789012
Set the maximum size of the process's virtual memory to 123456789012 bytes.
.TP
\fBrlimit-cpu 123
Set the maximum CPU time in seconds.
.TP
\fBrlimit-fsize 1024
Set the maximum file size that can be created by a process to 1024 bytes.
.TP
\fBrlimit-nproc 1000
Set the maximum number of processes that can be created for the real user ID of the calling process to 1000.
.TP
\fBrlimit-nofile 500
Set the maximum number of files that can be opened by a process to 500.
.TP
\fBrlimit-sigpending 200
Set the maximum number of processes that can be created for the real user ID of the calling process to 200.
.TP
\fBtimeout hh:mm:ss
Kill the sandbox automatically after the time has elapsed. The time is specified in hours/minutes/seconds format.

.SH User Environment
.TP
\fBallusers
All user home directories are visible inside the sandbox. By default, only current user home directory is visible.

.TP
\fBenv name=value
Set environment variable. Examples:
.br

.br
env LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/test/lib
.br
env CFLAGS="-W -Wall -Werror"

.TP
\fBipc-namespace
Enable IPC namespace.
.TP
\fBname sandboxname
Set sandbox name. Example:
.br

.br
name browser

.TP
\fBno3d
Disable 3D hardware acceleration.
.TP
\fBnoautopulse
Disable automatic ~/.config/pulse init, for complex setups such as remote
pulse servers or non-standard socket paths.
.TP
\fBnodbus
Disable D-Bus access. Only the regular UNIX socket is handled by
this command. To disable the abstract socket, you would need to
request a new network namespace using the net command. Another
option is to remove unix from protocol set.
.TP
\fBnodvd
Disable DVD and audio CD devices.
.TP
\fBnogroups
Disable supplementary user groups
.TP
\fBnosound
Disable sound system.
.TP
\fBnotv
Disable DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting) TV devices.
.TP
\fBnou2f
Disable U2F devices.
.TP
\fBnovideo
Disable video devices.
.TP
\fBshell none
Run the program directly, without a shell.


.SH Networking
Networking features available in profile files.

.TP
\fBdefaultgw address
Use this address as default gateway in the new network namespace.

.TP
\fBdns address
Set a DNS server for the sandbox. Up to three DNS servers can be defined.

.TP
\fBhostname name
Set a hostname for the sandbox.

.TP
\fBhosts-file file
Use file as /etc/hosts.

.TP
\fBip address
Assign IP addresses to the last network interface defined by a net command. A
default gateway is assigned by default.
.br

.br
Example:
.br
net eth0
.br
ip 10.10.20.56

.TP
\fBip none
No IP address and no default gateway are configured for the last interface
defined by a net command. Use this option
in case you intend to start an external DHCP client in the sandbox.
.br

.br
Example:
.br
net eth0
.br
ip none

.TP
\fBip6 address
Assign IPv6 addresses to the last network interface defined by a net command.
.br

.br
Example:
.br
net eth0
.br
ip6 2001:0db8:0:f101::1/64

.TP
\fBiprange address,address
Assign  an  IP address in the provided range to the last network
interface defined by  a  net command.  A  default  gateway  is assigned by default.
.br

.br
Example:
.br

.br
net eth0
.br
iprange 192.168.1.150,192.168.1.160
.br

.TP
\fBmac address
Assign MAC addresses to the last network interface defined by a net command.

.TP
\fBmachine-id
Spoof id number in /etc/machine-id file - a new random id is generated inside the sandbox.

.TP
\fBmtu number
Assign a MTU value to the last network interface defined by a net command.

.TP
\fBnet bridge_interface
Enable a new network namespace and connect it to this bridge interface.
Unless specified with option \-\-ip and \-\-defaultgw, an IP address and a default gateway will be assigned
automatically to the sandbox. The IP address is verified using ARP before assignment. The address
configured as default gateway is the bridge device IP address. Up to four \-\-net
bridge devices can be defined. Mixing bridge and macvlan devices is allowed.

.TP
\fBnet ethernet_interface|wireless_interface
Enable a new network namespace and connect it
to this ethernet interface using the standard Linux macvlan or ipvlan
driver. Unless specified with option \-\-ip and \-\-defaultgw, an
IP address and a default gateway will be assigned automatically
to the sandbox. The IP address is verified using ARP before
assignment. The address configured as default gateway is the
default gateway of the host. Up to four \-\-net devices can
be defined. Mixing bridge and macvlan devices is allowed.

.TP
\fBnet none
Enable a new, unconnected network namespace. The only interface
available in the new namespace is a new loopback interface (lo).
Use this option to deny network access to programs that don't
really need network access.

.TP
\fBnet tap_interface
Enable a new network namespace and connect it
to this ethernet tap interface using the standard Linux macvlan
driver.  If the tap interface is not configured, the sandbox
will not try to configure the interface inside the sandbox.
Please use ip, netmask and defaultgw to specify the configuration.

.TP
\fBnetfilter
If a new network namespace is created, enabled default network filter.

.TP
\fBnetfilter filename
If a new network namespace is created, enabled the network filter in filename.


.TP
\fBnetmask address
Use this option when you want to assign an IP address in a new namespace and
the parent interface specified by --net is not configured. An IP address and
a default gateway address also have to be added.

.TP
\fBveth-name name
Use this name for the interface connected to the bridge for --net=bridge_interface commands,
instead of the default one.

.SH Other
.TP
\fBdeterministic-exit-code
Always exit firejail with the first child's exit status. The default behavior is to use the exit status of the final child to exit, which can be nondeterministic.

.TP
\fBjoin-or-start sandboxname
Join the sandbox identified by name or start a new one.
Same as "firejail --join=sandboxname" command if sandbox with specified name exists, otherwise same as "name sandboxname".

.SH FILES
/etc/firejail/filename.profile, $HOME/.config/firejail/filename.profile

.SH LICENSE
Firejail is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
.PP
Homepage: https://firejail.wordpress.com
.SH SEE ALSO
\&\flfirejail\fR\|(1),
\&\flfiremon\fR\|(1),
\&\flfirecfg\fR\|(1),
\&\flfirejail-login\fR\|(5)
\&\flfirejail-users\fR\|(5)
