KCmdLineArgs

KDE 4.7 PyKDE API Reference

- KDE's Python API

# KCmdLineArgs Class Reference

`from PyKDE4.kdecore import *`

## Detailed Description

A class for command-line argument handling.

KCmdLineArgs provides simple access to the command-line arguments for an application. It takes into account Qt-specific options, KDE-specific options and application specific options.

This class is used in %main() via the static method init().

A typical KDE application using %KCmdLineArgs should look like this:

      int main(int argc, char *argv[])
      {
         // Initialize command line args
         KCmdLineArgs.init(argc, argv, appName, programName, version, description);

         // Define the command line options using KCmdLineOptions
         KCmdLineOptions options;
         ....

         // Register the supported options
         KCmdLineArgs.addCmdLineOptions( options );

         // Add options from other components
         KUniqueApplication.addCmdLineOptions();

         ....

         // Create application object without passing 'argc' and 'argv' again.
         KUniqueApplication app;

         ....

         // Handle our own options/arguments
         // A KApplication will usually do this in main but this is not
         // necessary.
         // A KUniqueApplication might want to handle it in newInstance().

         KCmdLineArgs *args = KCmdLineArgs.parsedArgs();

         // A binary option (on / off)
         if (args->isSet("some-option"))
            ....

         // An option which takes an additional argument
         QString anotherOptionArg = args->getOption("another-option");

         // Arguments (e.g. files to open)
         for(int i = 0; i < args->count(); i++) // Counting start at 0!
         {
            openFile( args->arg(i));
            // Or more convenient:
            // openUrl( args->url(i));

         }

         args->clear(); // Free up some memory.
         ....
      }

The options that an application supports are configured using the KCmdLineOptions class. An example is shown below:

      KCmdLineOptions options;
      options.add("a", ki18n("A short binary option"));
      options.add("b \<file>", ki18n("A short option which takes an argument"));
      options.add("c \<speed>", ki18n("As above but with a default value"), "9600");
      options.add("option1", ki18n("A long binary option, off by default"));
      options.add("nooption2", ki18n("A long binary option, on by default"));
      options.add(":", ki18n("Extra options:"));
      options.add("option3 \<file>", ki18n("A long option which takes an argument"));
      options.add("option4 \<speed>", ki18n("A long option which takes an argument, defaulting to 9600"), "9600");
      options.add("d").add("option5", ki18n("A long option which has a short option as alias"));
      options.add("e").add("nooption6", ki18n("Another long option with an alias"));
      options.add("f").add("option7 \<speed>", ki18n("'--option7 speed' is the same as '-f speed'"));
      options.add("!option8 \<cmd>", ki18n("All options following this one will be treated as arguments"));
      options.add("+file", ki18n("A required argument 'file'"));
      options.add("+[arg1]", ki18n("An optional argument 'arg1'"));
      options.add("!+command", ki18n("A required argument 'command', that can contain multiple words, even starting with '-'"));
      options.add("", ki18n("Additional help text not associated with any particular option"));

The ki18n calls are used for translation instead of the more usual i18n calls, because the translation needs to be delayed until after the message catalogs have been initialized.

Note that a program should define the options before any arguments.

When a long option has a short option as an alias, a program should only test for the long option.

With the above options a command line could look like:

         myapp -a -c 4800 --display localhost:0.0 --nooption5 -d /tmp/file

Long binary options can be in the form 'option' and 'nooption'. A command line may contain the same binary option multiple times, the last option determines the outcome:

         myapp --nooption4 --option4 --nooption4

is the same as:

         myapp --nooption4

If an option value is provided multiple times, normally only the last value is used:

         myapp -c 1200 -c 2400 -c 4800

is usually the same as:

         myapp -c 4800

However, an application can choose to use all values specified as well. As an example of this, consider that you may wish to specify a number of directories to use:

         myapp -I /usr/include -I /opt/kde/include -I /usr/X11/include

When an application does this it should mention this in the description of the option. To access these options, use getOptionList()

Tips for end-users:

- Single char options like "-a -b -c" may be combined into "-abc"
- The option "--foo bar" may also be written "--foo=bar"
- The option "-P lp1" may also be written "-P=lp1" or "-Plp1"
- The option "--foo bar" may also be written "-foo bar"

Author:
  Waldo Bastian

Version: 0.0.4

## Enumerations
StdCmdLineArg | { CmdLineArgQt, CmdLineArgKDE, CmdLineArgsMask, CmdLineArgNone, Reserved }
## Methods
| __init__ (self, KCmdLineOptions _options, KLocalizedString _name, QByteArray _id)
| __init__ (self, KCmdLineArgs other)
QString | arg (self, int n)
| clear (self)
int | count (self)
QString | getOption (self, QByteArray option)
QStringList | getOptionList (self, QByteArray option)
bool | isSet (self, QByteArray option)
KUrl | url (self, int n)
## Static Methods
KAboutData | aboutData ()
| addCmdLineOptions (KCmdLineOptions options, KLocalizedString name=KLocalizedString(), QByteArray id=QByteArray(), QByteArray afterId=QByteArray())
| addStdCmdLineOptions (KCmdLineArgs.StdCmdLineArgs stdargs=KCmdLineArgs.StdCmdLineArgs(KCmdLineArgs.CmdLineArgQt|KCmdLineArgs.CmdLineArgKDE))
| addTempFileOption ()
QStringList | allArguments ()
QString | appName ()
QString | cwd ()
| enable_i18n ()
| init (SIP_PYLIST argv, QByteArray appname, QByteArray catalog, KLocalizedString programName, QByteArray version, KLocalizedString description=KLocalizedString(), int stdargs=3)
| init (SIP_PYLIST argv, KAboutData about, int stdargs=3)
| init (KAboutData about)
bool | isTempFileSet ()
| loadAppArgs (QDataStream a0)
KUrl | makeURL (QByteArray urlArg)
KCmdLineArgs | parsedArgs (QByteArray id=QByteArray())
| reset ()
| saveAppArgs (QDataStream a0)
| setCwd (QByteArray cwd)
| usage (QByteArray id=QByteArray())
| usageError (QString error)

## Method Documentation

__init__ | ( | self, |
|  | KCmdLineOptions | _options,
|  | KLocalizedString | _name,
|  | QByteArray | _id
| ) |  |  |

Internal:
  Constructor.

__init__ | ( | self, |
|  | KCmdLineArgs | other
| ) |  |  |

QString arg | ( | self, |
|  | int | n
| ) |  |  |

Read out an argument.

Parameters:

  | n | The argument to read. 0 is the first argument. count()-1 is the last argument.

Returns:
  n-th argument

clear | ( |  | self ) |

Clear all options and arguments.

int count | ( |  | self ) |

Read the number of arguments that aren't options (but, for example, filenames).

Returns:
  The number of arguments that aren't options

QString getOption | ( | self, |
|  | QByteArray | option
| ) |  |  |

Read out a string option.

The option must have a corresponding KCmdLineOptions entry of the form:

        options.add("option \<argument>", ki18n("Description"), "default");

You cannot test for the presence of an alias - you must always test for the full option.

Parameters:

  | option | The name of the option without '-'.

Returns:
  The value of the option. If the option was not present on the command line the default is returned. If the option was present more than once, the value of the last occurrence is used.

QStringList getOptionList | ( | self, |
|  | QByteArray | option
| ) |  |  |

Read out all occurrences of a string option.

The option must have a corresponding KCmdLineOptions entry of the form:

        options.add("option \<argument>", ki18n("Description"), "default");

You cannot test for the presence of an alias - you must always test for the full option.

Parameters:

  | option | The name of the option, without '-' or '-no'.

Returns:
  A list of all option values. If no option was present on the command line, an empty list is returned.

bool isSet | ( | self, |
|  | QByteArray | option
| ) |  |  |

Read out a boolean option or check for the presence of string option.

Parameters:

  | option | The name of the option without '-' or '-no'.

Returns:
  The value of the option. It will be true if the option was specifically turned on in the command line, or if the option is turned on by default (in the KCmdLineOptions list) and was not specifically turned off in the command line. Equivalently, it will be false if the option was specifically turned off in the command line, or if the option is turned off by default (in the KCmdLineOptions list) and was not specifically turned on in the command line.

KUrl url | ( | self, |
|  | int | n
| ) |  |  |

Read out an argument representing a URL.

The argument can be

- an absolute filename
- a relative filename
- a URL

Parameters:

  | n | The argument to read. 0 is the first argument. count()-1 is the last argument.

Returns:
  a URL representing the n'th argument.

## Static Method Documentation

KAboutData aboutData | ( |  | ) |

Returns the KAboutData for consumption by KComponentData

addCmdLineOptions | ( | KCmdLineOptions | options,
|  | KLocalizedString | name=KLocalizedString(),
|  | QByteArray | id=QByteArray(),
|  | QByteArray | afterId=QByteArray()
| ) |  |  |

Add options to your application.

You must make sure that all possible options have been added before any class uses the command line arguments.

The list of options should look like this:

     KCmdLineOptions options;
     options.add("option1 \<argument>", ki18n("Description 1"), "my_extra_arg");
     options.add("o");
     options.add("option2", ki18n("Description 2"));
     options.add("nooption3", ki18n("Description 3"));
     options.add("+file", ki18n("A required argument 'file'"));

- "option1" is an option that requires an additional argument,
but if one is not provided, it uses "my_extra_arg".
- "option2" is an option that can be turned on. The default is off.
- "option3" is an option that can be turned off. The default is on.
- "o" does not have a description. It is an alias for the option
that follows. In this case "option2".
- "+file" specifies an argument. The '+' is removed. If your program
doesn't specify that it can use arguments your program will abort when an argument is passed to it. Note that the reverse is not true. If required, you must check yourself the number of arguments specified by the user:

           KCmdLineArgs *args = KCmdLineArgs.parsedArgs();
           if (args->count() == 0) KCmdLineArgs.usage(i18n("No file specified"));

In BNF:

     cmd = myapp [options] file
     options = (option)*
     option = --option1 \<argument> |
              (-o | --option2 | --nooption2) |
              ( --option3 | --nooption3 )

Instead of "--option3" one may also use "-option3"

Usage examples:

- "myapp --option1 test"
- "myapp" (same as "myapp --option1 my_extra_arg")
- "myapp --option2"
- "myapp --nooption2" (same as "myapp", since it is off by default)
- "myapp -o" (same as "myapp --option2")
- "myapp --nooption3"
- "myapp --option3 (same as "myapp", since it is on by default)
- "myapp --option2 --nooption2" (same as "myapp", because it
option2 is off by default, and the last usage applies)
- "myapp /tmp/file"

Parameters:

  | options | A list of options that your code supplies.
  | name | the name of the option list, as displayed by the help output. Can be empty.
  | id | A name with which these options can be identified, can be empty.
  | afterId | The options are inserted after this set of options, can be empty.

addStdCmdLineOptions | ( | KCmdLineArgs.StdCmdLineArgs | stdargs=KCmdLineArgs.StdCmdLineArgs(KCmdLineArgs.CmdLineArgQt|KCmdLineArgs.CmdLineArgKDE)
| ) |  |  |

add standard Qt/KDE command-line args

addTempFileOption | ( |  | ) |

Add standard option --tempfile

QStringList allArguments | ( |  | ) |

Returns the list of command-line arguments.

Since:
  4.6

QString appName | ( |  | ) |

Get the appname according to argv[0].

Returns:
  the name of the application

QString cwd | ( |  | ) |

Get the CWD (Current Working Directory) associated with the current command line arguments.

Typically this is needed in KUniqueApplication.newInstance() since the CWD of the process may be different from the CWD where the user started a second instance.

Returns:
  the current working directory

enable_i18n | ( |  | ) |

Enable i18n to be able to print a translated error message.

N.B.: This function leaks memory, therefore you are expected to exit afterwards (e.g., by calling usage()).

init | ( | SIP_PYLIST | argv,
|  | QByteArray | appname,
|  | QByteArray | catalog,
|  | KLocalizedString | programName,
|  | QByteArray | version,
|  | KLocalizedString | description=KLocalizedString(),
|  | int | stdargs=3
| ) |  |  |

Initialize Class

This function should be called as the very first thing in your application. This method will rarely be used, since it doesn't provide any argument parsing. It does provide access to the KAboutData information. This method is exactly the same as calling init(0,0, const KAboutData *about, CmdLineArgNone).

Parameters:

  | about | the about data.

See also:
  KAboutData

init | ( | SIP_PYLIST | argv,
|  | KAboutData | about,
|  | int | stdargs=3
| ) |  |  |

Initialize Class

This function should be called as the very first thing in your application. This method will rarely be used, since it doesn't provide any argument parsing. It does provide access to the KAboutData information. This method is exactly the same as calling init(0,0, const KAboutData *about, CmdLineArgNone).

Parameters:

  | about | the about data.

See also:
  KAboutData

init | ( | KAboutData | about
| ) |  |  |

Initialize Class

This function should be called as the very first thing in your application. This method will rarely be used, since it doesn't provide any argument parsing. It does provide access to the KAboutData information. This method is exactly the same as calling init(0,0, const KAboutData *about, CmdLineArgNone).

Parameters:

  | about | the about data.

See also:
  KAboutData

bool isTempFileSet | ( |  | ) |

Returns:
  true if --tempfile was set

loadAppArgs | ( | QDataStream | a0
| ) |  |  |

Load arguments from a stream.

KUrl makeURL | ( | QByteArray | urlArg
| ) |  |  |

Used by url(). Made public for apps that don't use KCmdLineArgs

Parameters:

  | urlArg | the argument

Returns:
  the url.

KCmdLineArgs parsedArgs | ( | QByteArray | id=QByteArray()
| ) |  |  |

Access parsed arguments.

This function returns all command line arguments that your code handles. If unknown command-line arguments are encountered the program is aborted and usage information is shown.

Parameters:

  | id | The name of the options you are interested in, can be empty.

reset | ( |  | ) |

Reset all option definitions, i.e. cancel all addCmdLineOptions calls. Note that KApplication's options are removed too, you might want to call KApplication.addCmdLineOptions if you want them back.

You usually don't want to call this method.

saveAppArgs | ( | QDataStream | a0
| ) |  |  |

Internal:
  for KUniqueApplication only:

Save all but the Qt and KDE arguments to a stream.

setCwd | ( | QByteArray | cwd
| ) |  |  |

Made public for apps that don't use KCmdLineArgs To be done before makeURL, to set the current working directory in case makeURL needs it.

Parameters:

  | cwd | the new working directory

usage | ( | QByteArray | id=QByteArray()
| ) |  |  |

Print the usage help to stdout and exit.

Parameters:

  | id | if empty, print all options. If id is set, only print the option specified by id. The id is the value set by addCmdLineOptions().

usageError | ( | QString | error
| ) |  |  |

Print an error to stderr and the usage help to stdout and exit.

Parameters:

  | error | the error to print

## Enumeration Documentation

StdCmdLineArg

Enumerator:

  CmdLineArgQt = 0x01 |
  CmdLineArgKDE = 0x02 |
  CmdLineArgsMask = 0x03 |
  CmdLineArgNone = 0x00 |
  Reserved = 0xff |