/*
 * lxc: linux Container library
 *
 * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 2007, 2008
 *
 * Authors:
 * Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano at free.fr>
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */
#ifndef __LXC_UTILS_H
#define __LXC_UTILS_H

/* Properly support loop devices on 32bit systems. */
#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64

#include "config.h"

#include <errno.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <linux/loop.h>
#include <linux/magic.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/vfs.h>

#ifdef HAVE_LINUX_MEMFD_H
#include <linux/memfd.h>
#endif

#include "initutils.h"

/* Define __S_ISTYPE if missing from the C library. */
#ifndef __S_ISTYPE
#define __S_ISTYPE(mode, mask) (((mode)&S_IFMT) == (mask))
#endif

#if HAVE_LIBCAP
#ifndef CAP_SETFCAP
#define CAP_SETFCAP 31
#endif

#ifndef CAP_MAC_OVERRIDE
#define CAP_MAC_OVERRIDE 32
#endif

#ifndef CAP_MAC_ADMIN
#define CAP_MAC_ADMIN 33
#endif
#endif

#ifndef PR_CAPBSET_DROP
#define PR_CAPBSET_DROP 24
#endif

#ifndef LO_FLAGS_AUTOCLEAR
#define LO_FLAGS_AUTOCLEAR 4
#endif

#ifndef CAP_SETUID
#define CAP_SETUID 7
#endif

#ifndef CAP_SETGID
#define CAP_SETGID 6
#endif

/* needed for cgroup automount checks, regardless of whether we
 * have included linux/capability.h or not */
#ifndef CAP_SYS_ADMIN
#define CAP_SYS_ADMIN 21
#endif

#ifndef CGROUP_SUPER_MAGIC
#define CGROUP_SUPER_MAGIC 0x27e0eb
#endif

#ifndef CGROUP2_SUPER_MAGIC
#define CGROUP2_SUPER_MAGIC 0x63677270
#endif

#ifndef NSFS_MAGIC
#define NSFS_MAGIC 0x6e736673
#endif

/* Useful macros */
/* Maximum number for 64 bit integer is a string with 21 digits: 2^64 - 1 = 21 */
#define LXC_NUMSTRLEN64 21
#define LXC_LINELEN 4096
#define LXC_IDMAPLEN 4096
/* /proc/       =    6
 *                +
 * <pid-as-str> =   LXC_NUMSTRLEN64
 *                +
 * /fd/         =    4
 *                +
 * <fd-as-str>  =   LXC_NUMSTRLEN64
 *                +
 * \0           =    1
 */
#define LXC_PROC_PID_FD_LEN (6 + LXC_NUMSTRLEN64 + 4 + LXC_NUMSTRLEN64 + 1)

/* returns 1 on success, 0 if there were any failures */
extern int lxc_rmdir_onedev(char *path, const char *exclude);
extern int get_u16(unsigned short *val, const char *arg, int base);
extern int mkdir_p(const char *dir, mode_t mode);
extern char *get_rundir(void);

/* Define getline() if missing from the C library */
#ifndef HAVE_GETLINE
#ifdef HAVE_FGETLN
#include <../include/getline.h>
#endif
#endif

#if !defined(__NR_setns) && !defined(__NR_set_ns)
	#if defined(__x86_64__)
		#define __NR_setns 308
	#elif defined(__i386__)
		#define __NR_setns 346
	#elif defined(__arm__)
		#define __NR_setns 375
	#elif defined(__aarch64__)
		#define __NR_setns 375
	#elif defined(__powerpc__)
		#define __NR_setns 350
	#elif defined(__s390__)
		#define __NR_setns 339
	#endif
#endif

/* Define setns() if missing from the C library */
#ifndef HAVE_SETNS
static inline int setns(int fd, int nstype)
{
#ifdef __NR_setns
	return syscall(__NR_setns, fd, nstype);
#elif defined(__NR_set_ns)
	return syscall(__NR_set_ns, fd, nstype);
#else
	errno = ENOSYS;
	return -1;
#endif
}
#endif

/* Define sethostname() if missing from the C library */
#ifndef HAVE_SETHOSTNAME
static inline int sethostname(const char * name, size_t len)
{
#ifdef __NR_sethostname
return syscall(__NR_sethostname, name, len);
#else
errno = ENOSYS;
return -1;
#endif
}
#endif

/* Define unshare() if missing from the C library */
#ifndef HAVE_UNSHARE
static inline int unshare(int flags)
{
#ifdef __NR_unshare
	return syscall(__NR_unshare, flags);
#else
	errno = ENOSYS;
	return -1;
#endif
}
#else
int unshare(int);
#endif

/* Define signalfd() if missing from the C library */
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SIGNALFD_H
#  include <sys/signalfd.h>
#else
/* assume kernel headers are too old */
#include <stdint.h>
struct signalfd_siginfo
{
	uint32_t ssi_signo;
	int32_t ssi_errno;
	int32_t ssi_code;
	uint32_t ssi_pid;
	uint32_t ssi_uid;
	int32_t ssi_fd;
	uint32_t ssi_tid;
	uint32_t ssi_band;
	uint32_t ssi_overrun;
	uint32_t ssi_trapno;
	int32_t ssi_status;
	int32_t ssi_int;
	uint64_t ssi_ptr;
	uint64_t ssi_utime;
	uint64_t ssi_stime;
	uint64_t ssi_addr;
	uint8_t __pad[48];
};

#  ifndef __NR_signalfd4
/* assume kernel headers are too old */
#    if __i386__
#      define __NR_signalfd4 327
#    elif __x86_64__
#      define __NR_signalfd4 289
#    elif __powerpc__
#      define __NR_signalfd4 313
#    elif __s390x__
#      define __NR_signalfd4 322
#    elif __arm__
#      define __NR_signalfd4 355
#    elif __mips__ && _MIPS_SIM == _ABIO32
#      define __NR_signalfd4 4324
#    elif __mips__ && _MIPS_SIM == _ABI64
#      define __NR_signalfd4 5283
#    elif __mips__ && _MIPS_SIM == _ABIN32
#      define __NR_signalfd4 6287
#    endif
#endif

#  ifndef __NR_signalfd
/* assume kernel headers are too old */
#    if __i386__
#      define __NR_signalfd 321
#    elif __x86_64__
#      define __NR_signalfd 282
#    elif __powerpc__
#      define __NR_signalfd 305
#    elif __s390x__
#      define __NR_signalfd 316
#    elif __arm__
#      define __NR_signalfd 349
#    elif __mips__ && _MIPS_SIM == _ABIO32
#      define __NR_signalfd 4317
#    elif __mips__ && _MIPS_SIM == _ABI64
#      define __NR_signalfd 5276
#    elif __mips__ && _MIPS_SIM == _ABIN32
#      define __NR_signalfd 6280
#    endif
#endif

static inline int signalfd(int fd, const sigset_t *mask, int flags)
{
	int retval;

	retval = syscall (__NR_signalfd4, fd, mask, _NSIG / 8, flags);
	if (errno == ENOSYS && flags == 0)
		retval = syscall (__NR_signalfd, fd, mask, _NSIG / 8);
	return retval;
}
#endif

/* loop devices */
#ifndef LO_FLAGS_AUTOCLEAR
#define LO_FLAGS_AUTOCLEAR 4
#endif

#ifndef LOOP_CTL_GET_FREE
#define LOOP_CTL_GET_FREE 0x4C82
#endif

/* memfd_create() */
#ifndef MFD_CLOEXEC
#define MFD_CLOEXEC 0x0001U
#endif

#ifndef MFD_ALLOW_SEALING
#define MFD_ALLOW_SEALING 0x0002U
#endif

#ifndef F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE
#define F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE 1024
#endif
#ifndef F_ADD_SEALS
#define F_ADD_SEALS (F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 9)
#define F_GET_SEALS (F_LINUX_SPECIFIC_BASE + 10)
#endif
#ifndef F_SEAL_SEAL
#define F_SEAL_SEAL 0x0001
#define F_SEAL_SHRINK 0x0002
#define F_SEAL_GROW 0x0004
#define F_SEAL_WRITE 0x0008
#endif

#ifndef HAVE_MEMFD_CREATE
static inline int memfd_create(const char *name, unsigned int flags) {
	#ifndef __NR_memfd_create
		#if defined __i386__
			#define __NR_memfd_create 356
		#elif defined __x86_64__
			#define __NR_memfd_create 319
		#elif defined __arm__
			#define __NR_memfd_create 385
		#elif defined __aarch64__
			#define __NR_memfd_create 279
		#elif defined __s390__
			#define __NR_memfd_create 350
		#elif defined __powerpc__
			#define __NR_memfd_create 360
		#elif defined __sparc__
			#define __NR_memfd_create 348
		#elif defined __blackfin__
			#define __NR_memfd_create 390
		#elif defined __ia64__
			#define __NR_memfd_create 1340
		#elif defined _MIPS_SIM
			#if _MIPS_SIM == _MIPS_SIM_ABI32
				#define __NR_memfd_create 4354
			#endif
			#if _MIPS_SIM == _MIPS_SIM_NABI32
				#define __NR_memfd_create 6318
			#endif
			#if _MIPS_SIM == _MIPS_SIM_ABI64
				#define __NR_memfd_create 5314
			#endif
		#endif
	#endif
	#ifdef __NR_memfd_create
	return syscall(__NR_memfd_create, name, flags);
	#else
	errno = ENOSYS;
	return -1;
	#endif
}
#else
extern int memfd_create(const char *name, unsigned int flags);
#endif

static inline int lxc_set_cloexec(int fd)
{
	return fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
}

/* Struct to carry child pid from lxc_popen() to lxc_pclose().
 * Not an opaque struct to allow direct access to the underlying FILE *
 * (i.e., struct lxc_popen_FILE *file; fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), file->f))
 * without additional wrappers.
 */
struct lxc_popen_FILE {
	int pipe;
	FILE *f;
	pid_t child_pid;
};

/* popen(command, "re") replacement that restores default signal mask
 * via sigprocmask(2) (unblocks all signals) after fork(2) but prior to calling exec(3).
 * In short, popen(command, "re") does pipe() + fork()                 + exec()
 * while lxc_popen(command)       does pipe() + fork() + sigprocmask() + exec().
 * Returns pointer to struct lxc_popen_FILE, that should be freed with lxc_pclose().
 * On error returns NULL.
 */
extern struct lxc_popen_FILE *lxc_popen(const char *command);

/* pclose() replacement to be used on struct lxc_popen_FILE *,
 * returned by lxc_popen().
 * Waits for associated process to terminate, returns its exit status and
 * frees resources, pointed to by struct lxc_popen_FILE *.
 */
extern int lxc_pclose(struct lxc_popen_FILE *fp);

/**
 * BUILD_BUG_ON - break compile if a condition is true.
 * @condition: the condition which the compiler should know is false.
 *
 * If you have some code which relies on certain constants being equal, or
 * other compile-time-evaluated condition, you should use BUILD_BUG_ON to
 * detect if someone changes it.
 *
 * The implementation uses gcc's reluctance to create a negative array, but
 * gcc (as of 4.4) only emits that error for obvious cases (eg. not arguments
 * to inline functions).  So as a fallback we use the optimizer; if it can't
 * prove the condition is false, it will cause a link error on the undefined
 * "__build_bug_on_failed".  This error message can be harder to track down
 * though, hence the two different methods.
 */
#ifndef __OPTIMIZE__
#define BUILD_BUG_ON(condition) ((void)sizeof(char[1 - 2*!!(condition)]))
#else
extern int __build_bug_on_failed;
#define BUILD_BUG_ON(condition)					\
	do {							\
		((void)sizeof(char[1 - 2*!!(condition)]));	\
		if (condition) __build_bug_on_failed = 1;	\
	} while(0)
#endif

/*
 * wait on a child we forked
 */
extern int wait_for_pid(pid_t pid);
extern int lxc_wait_for_pid_status(pid_t pid);

/* send and receive buffers completely */
extern ssize_t lxc_write_nointr(int fd, const void* buf, size_t count);
extern ssize_t lxc_read_nointr(int fd, void* buf, size_t count);
extern ssize_t lxc_read_nointr_expect(int fd, void* buf, size_t count, const void* expected_buf);
#if HAVE_LIBGNUTLS
#define SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH 20
extern int sha1sum_file(char *fnam, unsigned char *md_value);
#endif

/* read and write whole files */
extern int lxc_write_to_file(const char *filename, const void* buf, size_t count, bool add_newline);
extern int lxc_read_from_file(const char *filename, void* buf, size_t count);

/* convert variadic argument lists to arrays (for execl type argument lists) */
extern char** lxc_va_arg_list_to_argv(va_list ap, size_t skip, int do_strdup);
extern const char** lxc_va_arg_list_to_argv_const(va_list ap, size_t skip);

/* Some simple string functions; if they return pointers, they are allocated buffers. */
extern char *lxc_string_replace(const char *needle, const char *replacement, const char *haystack);
extern bool lxc_string_in_array(const char *needle, const char **haystack);
extern char *lxc_string_join(const char *sep, const char **parts, bool use_as_prefix);
/* Normalize and split path: Leading and trailing / are removed, multiple
 * / are compactified, .. and . are resolved (.. on the top level is considered
 * identical to .).
 * Examples:
 *     /            ->   { NULL }
 *     foo/../bar   ->   { bar, NULL }
 *     ../../       ->   { NULL }
 *     ./bar/baz/.. ->   { bar, NULL }
 *     foo//bar     ->   { foo, bar, NULL }
 */
extern char **lxc_normalize_path(const char *path);
/* remove multiple slashes from the path, e.g. ///foo//bar -> /foo/bar */
extern char *lxc_deslashify(const char *path);
extern char *lxc_append_paths(const char *first, const char *second);
/* Note: the following two functions use strtok(), so they will never
 *       consider an empty element, even if two delimiters are next to
 *       each other.
 */
extern bool lxc_string_in_list(const char *needle, const char *haystack, char sep);
extern char **lxc_string_split(const char *string, char sep);
extern char **lxc_string_split_and_trim(const char *string, char sep);
/* Append string to NULL-terminated string array. */
extern int lxc_append_string(char ***list, char *entry);

/* some simple array manipulation utilities */
typedef void (*lxc_free_fn)(void *);
typedef void *(*lxc_dup_fn)(void *);
extern int lxc_grow_array(void ***array, size_t* capacity, size_t new_size, size_t capacity_increment);
extern void lxc_free_array(void **array, lxc_free_fn element_free_fn);
extern size_t lxc_array_len(void **array);

extern void **lxc_append_null_to_array(void **array, size_t count);

/* mmap() wrapper. lxc_strmmap() will take care to \0-terminate files so that
 * normal string-handling functions can be used on the buffer. */
extern void *lxc_strmmap(void *addr, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd,
			 off_t offset);
/* munmap() wrapper. Use it to free memory mmap()ed with lxc_strmmap(). */
extern int lxc_strmunmap(void *addr, size_t length);

/* initialize rand with urandom */
extern int randseed(bool);

/* are we unprivileged with respect to our namespaces */
inline static bool am_guest_unpriv(void) {
	return geteuid() != 0;
}

/* are we unprivileged with respect to init_user_ns */
inline static bool am_host_unpriv(void)
{
	FILE *f;
	uid_t user, host, count;
	int ret;

	if (geteuid() != 0)
		return true;

	/* Now: are we in a user namespace? Because then we're also
	 * unprivileged.
	 */
	f = fopen("/proc/self/uid_map", "r");
	if (!f) {
		return false;
	}

	ret = fscanf(f, "%u %u %u", &user, &host, &count);
	fclose(f);
	if (ret != 3) {
		return false;
	}

	if (user != 0 || host != 0 || count != UINT32_MAX)
		return true;
	return false;
}

/*
 * parse /proc/self/uid_map to find what @orig maps to
 */
extern uid_t get_ns_uid(uid_t orig);

extern bool dir_exists(const char *path);

#define FNV1A_64_INIT ((uint64_t)0xcbf29ce484222325ULL)
uint64_t fnv_64a_buf(void *buf, size_t len, uint64_t hval);

int detect_shared_rootfs(void);
bool detect_ramfs_rootfs(void);
char *on_path(const char *cmd, const char *rootfs);
bool file_exists(const char *f);
bool cgns_supported(void);
char *choose_init(const char *rootfs);
int print_to_file(const char *file, const char *content);
bool switch_to_ns(pid_t pid, const char *ns);
int is_dir(const char *path);
char *get_template_path(const char *t);
int safe_mount(const char *src, const char *dest, const char *fstype,
		unsigned long flags, const void *data, const char *rootfs);
int lxc_mount_proc_if_needed(const char *rootfs);
int open_devnull(void);
int set_stdfds(int fd);
int null_stdfds(void);
int lxc_count_file_lines(const char *fn);
int lxc_preserve_ns(const int pid, const char *ns);

/* Check whether a signal is blocked by a process. */
extern bool task_blocks_signal(pid_t pid, int signal);

/* Helper functions to parse numbers. */
extern int lxc_safe_uint(const char *numstr, unsigned int *converted);
extern int lxc_safe_int(const char *numstr, int *converted);
extern int lxc_safe_long(const char *numstr, long int *converted);
extern int lxc_safe_long_long(const char *numstr, long long int *converted);
extern int lxc_safe_ulong(const char *numstr, unsigned long *converted);
extern int lxc_safe_uint64(const char *numstr, uint64_t *converted, int base);
/* Handles B, kb, MB, GB. Detects overflows and reports -ERANGE. */
extern int parse_byte_size_string(const char *s, int64_t *converted);

/* Switch to a new uid and gid. */
int lxc_switch_uid_gid(uid_t uid, gid_t gid);
int lxc_setgroups(int size, gid_t list[]);

/* Find an unused loop device and associate it with source. */
int lxc_prepare_loop_dev(const char *source, char *loop_dev, int flags);

/* Clear all mounts on a given node.
 * >= 0 successfully cleared. The number returned is the number of umounts
 *      performed.
 * < 0  error umounting. Return -errno.
 */
int lxc_unstack_mountpoint(const char *path, bool lazy);

/*
 * run_command runs a command and collect it's std{err,out} output in buf.
 *
 * @param[out] buf     The buffer where the commands std{err,out] output will be
 *                     read into. If no output was produced, buf will be memset
 *                     to 0.
 * @param[in] buf_size The size of buf. This function will reserve one byte for
 *                     \0-termination.
 * @param[in] child_fn The function to be run in the child process. This
 *                     function must exec.
 * @param[in] args     Arguments to be passed to child_fn.
 */
int run_command(char *buf, size_t buf_size, int (*child_fn)(void *), void *args);

/* Concatenate all passed-in strings into one path. Do not fail. If any piece
 * is not prefixed with '/', add a '/'.
 */
__attribute__((sentinel)) extern char *must_make_path(const char *first, ...);
__attribute__((sentinel)) extern char *must_append_path(char *first, ...);

/* return copy of string @entry;  do not fail. */
extern char *must_copy_string(const char *entry);

/* Re-alllocate a pointer, do not fail */
extern void *must_realloc(void *orig, size_t sz);

/* __typeof__ should be safe to use with all compilers. */
typedef __typeof__(((struct statfs *)NULL)->f_type) fs_type_magic;
extern bool has_fs_type(const char *path, fs_type_magic magic_val);
extern bool fhas_fs_type(int fd, fs_type_magic magic_val);
extern bool is_fs_type(const struct statfs *fs, fs_type_magic magic_val);
extern bool lxc_nic_exists(char *nic);
extern int lxc_make_tmpfile(char *template, bool rm);

static inline uint64_t lxc_getpagesize(void)
{
	int64_t pgsz;

	pgsz = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
	if (pgsz <= 0)
		pgsz = 1 << 12;

	return pgsz;
}

/* If n is not a power of 2 this function will return the next power of 2
 * greater than that number. Note that this function always returns the *next*
 * power of 2 *greater* that number not the *nearest*. For example, passing 1025
 * as argument this function will return 2048 although the closest power of 2
 * would be 1024.
 * If the caller passes in 0 they will receive 0 in return since this is invalid
 * input and 0 is not a power of 2.
 */
extern uint64_t lxc_find_next_power2(uint64_t n);

static inline pid_t lxc_raw_gettid(void)
{
#ifdef SYS_gettid
	return syscall(SYS_gettid);
#else
	return lxc_raw_getpid();
#endif
}

#endif /* __LXC_UTILS_H */
