/* -*- mode: C++; c-basic-offset: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- */
// vim: ft=cpp:expandtab:ts=8:sw=4:softtabstop=4:
#ident "$Id$"
/*
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  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as
  published by the Free Software Foundation, and provided that the
  following conditions are met:

      * Redistributions of source code must retain this COPYING
        CONDITIONS NOTICE, the COPYRIGHT NOTICE (below), the
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  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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COPYRIGHT NOTICE:

  TokuFT, Tokutek Fractal Tree Indexing Library.
  Copyright (C) 2007-2013 Tokutek, Inc.

DISCLAIMER:

  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  General Public License for more details.

UNIVERSITY PATENT NOTICE:

  The technology is licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of
  Technology, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, and the Research
  Foundation of State University of New York at Stony Brook under
  United States of America Serial No. 11/760379 and to the patents
  and/or patent applications resulting from it.

PATENT MARKING NOTICE:

  This software is covered by US Patent No. 8,185,551.
  This software is covered by US Patent No. 8,489,638.

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  "THIS IMPLEMENTATION" means the copyrightable works distributed by
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  the absence of this license would be infringed by THIS
  IMPLEMENTATION or by using or running THIS IMPLEMENTATION.

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  such litigation is filed.  If you or your agent or exclusive
  licensee institute or order or agree to the institution of a PATENT
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*/

#pragma once

#ident "Copyright (c) 2007-2013 Tokutek Inc.  All rights reserved."
#ident "The technology is licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, and the Research Foundation of State University of New York at Stony Brook under United States of America Serial No. 11/760379 and to the patents and/or patent applications resulting from it."

#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <portability/toku_pthread.h>

namespace toku {

// The circular buffer manages an array of elements as a thread-safe FIFO queue.
// It does not allocate its own space, or grow the space it manages.
// Access to the circular buffer is managed by a mutex.
// The blocking operations are managed by condition variables.  They are as fairly scheduled as the threading library supports.
//
// Sample usage:
//   int array[2]
//   circular_buffer<int> intbuf;
//   intbuf.init(array, 2);
//
//   // thread A
//   intbuf.push(1);
//   intbuf.push(2);
//   intbuf.push(3);  // <- blocks until thread B runs
//
//   // thread B
//   int a = intbuf.pop();  // <- 1
//   int b = intbuf.pop();  // <- 2
//   int c = intbuf.pop();  // <- 3
//   int d = intbuf.pop();  // <- blocks until more elements are available
template<typename T>
class circular_buffer {
public:

    // Effect:
    //  Initialize the circular buffer with an array of elements to manage.
    // Requires:
    //  array must remain valid until deinit() is called.
    void init(T * const array, size_t cap) __attribute__((nonnull));

    // Effect:
    //  Deinitialize the circular buffer.  Destroys mutex and condition variables, checks for errors.
    // Requires:
    //  Must be empty, use trypop() to drain everything before calling deinit().
    //  Must be free of waiters, no outstanding calls to push() or pop(), trypush() sentinels to flush waiters if necessary.
    void deinit(void);

    // Effect:
    //  Append elt to the end of the queue.
    // Notes:
    //  Blocks until there is room in the array.
    void push(const T &elt);

    // Effect:
    //  Append elt to the end of the queue if there's room and nobody is waiting to push.
    // Notes:
    //  Doesn't block.
    // Returns:
    //  true iff elt was appended
    bool trypush(const T &elt) __attribute__((warn_unused_result));

    // Effect:
    //  Append elt to the end of the queue if there's room before abstime.
    // Notes:
    //  Blocks until at most abstime waiting for room in the queue.  See pthread_cond_timedwait(3) for an example of how to use abstime.
    // Returns:
    //  true iff elt was appended
    bool timedpush(const T &elt, toku_timespec_t *abstime) __attribute__((nonnull, warn_unused_result));

    // Effect:
    //  Remove the first item from the queue and return it.
    // Notes:
    //  Blocks until there is something to return.
    T pop(void) __attribute__((warn_unused_result));

    // Effect:
    //  Remove the first item from the queue and return it, if one exists.
    // Notes:
    //  Doesn't block.
    //  Returns the element in *eltp.
    // Returns:
    //  true iff *eltp was set
    bool trypop(T * const eltp) __attribute__((nonnull, warn_unused_result));

    // Effect:
    //  Remove the first item from the queue and return it, if one exists before abstime
    // Notes:
    //  Blocks until at most abstime waiting for room in the queue.  See pthread_cond_timedwait(3) for an example of how to use abstime.
    //  Returns the element in *eltp.
    // Returns:
    //  true iff *eltp was set
    bool timedpop(T * const eltp, toku_timespec_t *abstime) __attribute__((nonnull, warn_unused_result));

private:
    void lock(void);

    void unlock(void);

    size_t size(void) const;

    bool is_empty(void) const;

    bool is_full(void) const;

    T *get_addr(size_t);

    void push_and_maybe_signal_unlocked(const T &elt);

    T pop_and_maybe_signal_unlocked(void);

    T *m_array;
    size_t m_cap;
    size_t m_begin, m_limit;
    toku_mutex_t m_lock;
    toku_cond_t m_push_cond;
    toku_cond_t m_pop_cond;
    int m_push_waiters, m_pop_waiters;
};

}

#include "circular_buffer.cc"
