Subject: MIME and munpack

From: Mike Miller <[email-masked]>
Date: Wed, 1 Jul 1998 09:36:41 -0500 (CDT)

I couldn't find mmencode or mmdecode on my Unix system (Sun Solaris 2.6),
but I downloaded mpack and munpack (*not* part of Solaris).  I've appended
some info about those two programs.

Regarding line wrapping.  I sometimes use a program called Jpico instead
of Pico.  Jpico is a version of JOE (Joe's Own Editor) with Pico-like key
bindings.  It doesn't wrap long lines and it can do search and replace. 
You can read more here:

http://fileserver.hrz.uni-marburg.de/tools/joe-2.8/html/INFO

Jpico also seems to use a little less RAM than does Pico, at least on my
system.  So it's a great alternative editor for a die-hard Pico user.

Mike

Michael B. Miller, M.S., Ph.D., M.P.E.
Department of Psychology
210 McAlester Hall
University of Missouri--Columbia
Columbia, MO 65211
 Phone: (573) 882-5671
   Fax: (573) 882-7710
e-mail: [email-masked]
   web: http://taxa.psyc.missouri.edu/~mbmiller/

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               mpack/munpack version 1.5 for unix

Mpack and munpack are utilities for encoding and decoding
(respectively) binary files in MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail
Extensions) format mail messages.  For compatibility with older forms
of transferring binary files, the munpack program can also decode
messages in split-uuencoded format.  The Macintosh version can also
decode messages in split-BinHex format.

Versions are included for unix, pc, os2, mac, amiga and archimedes
systems.  The canonical FTP site for this software is
ftp.andrew.cmu.edu:pub/mpack/

This MIME implementation is intended to be as simple and portable as
possible.  For a slightly more sophisticated MIME implementation, see
the program MetaMail, available via anonymous FTP to
thumper.bellcore.com, in directory pub/nsb

Decoding MIME messages:

First, you have to compile the munpack program.  See the instructions
in the section "Compilation" below.  If, after reading the
instructions, you are still unsure as to how to compile munpack,
please try to find someone locally to help you.

To decode a MIME message, first save it to a text file.  If possible,
save it with all headers included.  Munpack can decode some MIME files
when the headers are missing or incomplete, other files it cannot
decode without having the information in the headers.  In general,
messages which have a statement at the beginning that they are in MIME
format can be decoded without the headers.  Messages which have been
split into multiple parts generally require all headers in order to be
reassembled and decoded.

Some LAN-based mail systems and some mail providers (including America
Online, as of the writing of this document) place the mail headers at
the bottom of the message, instead of at the top of the message.  If
you are having problems decoding a MIME message on such a system, you
need to convert the mail back into the standard format by removing the
system's nonstandard headers and moving the standard Internet headers
to the top of the message (separated from the message body with a
blank line).

There must be exactly one message per file.  Munpack cannot deal with
multiple messages in a single file, to decode things correctly it must
know when one message ends and the next one begins.

To decode a message, run the command:

	munpack file

where "file" is the name of the file containing the message.  More than
one filename may be specified, munpack will try to decode the message in
each file.  For more information on ways to run munpack, see the section
"Using munpack" below.

Reporting bugs:

Bugs and comments should be reported to [email-masked].
When reporting bugs or other problems, please include the following
information:

  * The version number of Mpack
  * The platform (Unix, PC, OS/2, Mac, Amiga, Archimedes)
  * The EXACT output of any unsuccessful attempts.
  * If having a problem decoding, the first couple of lines
    of the input file.

Compilation:

The mpack distribution should compile with no changes on most unix
systems.  There are a few exceptions--if compiling on SunOS, SVR4, SCO
Unix, or an ancient BSD without the strchr() function, edit the
Makefile and uncomment the relevant lines.

Compile with the command:

    make

If you want to install the programs and man pages in a common place,
use the command:

    make install DESTDIR=/installation/path

where "/installation/path" is the path of the tree you want to install
the files into.  The default value of DESTDIR is "/usr/local", which
installs the programs in the directory "/usr/local/bin" and the man
pages in "/usr/local/man/man1".

Using mpack:

Mpack is used to encode a file into one or more MIME format messages.
The program is invoked with:

	mpack [options] -o outputfile file

or 

	mpack [options] file address...

or

	mpack [options] -n newsgroups file

Where "[options]" is one or more optional switches described below.
"-o outputfile" is also described below. "file" is the name of the
file to encode, "address..." is one or more e-mail address to mail the
resulting messages to and "newsgroups" is a comma-separated list of
newsgroups to post the resulting messages to.

The possible options are:

     -s subject
          Set the Subject header field to Subject.   By default,
          mpack will prompt for the contents of the subject
          header.

     -d descriptionfile
          Include the contents of the file descriptionfile in an
          introductory section at the beginning of the first
          generated message.

     -m maxsize
          Split the message (if necessary) into partial messages,
          each not exceeding maxsize characters.  The default
          limit is the value of the SPLITSIZE environment 
	  variable, or no limit if the environment variable
          does not exist.  Specifying a maxsize of 0 means there
          is no limit to the size of the generated message.

     -c content-type
          Label the included file as being of MIME type
          content-type, which must be a subtype of application,
          audio, image, or video.  If this switch is not given,
          mpack examines the file to determine its type.

     -o outputfile
          Write the generated message to the file outputfile.  If
          the message has to be split, the partial messages will
          instead be written to the files outputfile.01,
          outputfile.02, etc.

The environment variables which control mpack's behavior are:

     SPLITSIZE
          Default value of the -m switch.  Default "0".

     TMPDIR
	  Directory to store temporary files.  Default "/tmp".

Using munpack:

Munpack is used to decode one or more messages in MIME or
split-uuencoded format and extract the embedded files.  The program is
invoked with:

	munpack [options] filename...

which reads the messages in the files "filename...".  Munpack may also
be invoked with just:

	munpack [options]

which reads a message from the standard input.

If the message suggests a file name to use for the imbedded part, that
name is cleaned of potential problem characters and used for the
output file.  If the suggested filename includes subdirectories, they
will be created as necessary.  If the message does not suggest a file
name, the names "part1", "part2", etc are used in sequence.

If the imbedded part was preceded with textual information, that
information is also written to a file. The file is named the same as
the imbedded part, with any filename extension replaced with
".desc"

The possible options are:

     -f
          Forces the overwriting of existing files.  If a message
          suggests a file name of an existing file, the file will be
          overwritten.  Without this flag, munpack appends ".1", ".2",
          etc to find a nonexistent file.

     -t
	  Also unpack the text parts of multipart messages to files.
	  By default, text parts that do not have a filename parameter
	  do not get unpacked.

     -q
          Be quiet--suppress messages about saving partial messages.

     -C directory
          Change the current directory to "directory" before reading
          any files.  This is useful when invoking munpack
          from a mail or news reader.

The environment variables which control munpack's behavior are:

     TMPDIR
          Root of directory to store partial messages awaiting 
          reassembly.  Default is "/usr/tmp".   Partial messages
	  are stored in subdirectories of $TMPDIR/m-prts-$USER/

Acknowledgements:

Written by John G. Myers, [email-masked]

The mac version was written by Christopher J. Newman, [email-masked]

The amiga port was done by Mike W. Meyer, [email-masked] and
Peter Simons, [email-masked]

The os2 port was done by Jochen Friedrich, [email-masked]

The archimedes port was done by Olly Betts, [email-masked]

Send all bug reports to [email-masked] 

Thanks to Nathaniel Borenstein for testing early versions of mpack and
for making many helpful suggestions.

Legalese:

(C) Copyright 1993,1994 by Carnegie Mellon University
All Rights Reserved.

Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software
and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
supporting documentation, and that the name of Carnegie Mellon
University not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
distribution of the software without specific, written prior
permission.  Carnegie Mellon University makes no representations about
the suitability of this software for any purpose.  It is provided "as
is" without express or implied warranty.

CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY BE LIABLE
FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN
AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
SOFTWARE.

Portions of this software are derived from code written by Bell
Communications Research, Inc. (Bellcore) and by RSA Data Security,
Inc. and bear similar copyrights and disclaimers of warranty.

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