test-suite Guide — LLVM 8 documentation

# test-suite Guide

## Quickstart

1. The lit test runner is required to run the tests. You can either use one from an LLVM build:

       % <path to llvm build>/bin/llvm-lit --version
       lit 0.8.0dev

   An alternative is installing it as a python package in a python virtual environment:

       % mkdir venv
       % virtualenv venv
       % . venv/bin/activate
       % pip install svn+http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk/utils/lit
       % lit --version
       lit 0.8.0dev

2. Check out the `test-suite` module with:

       % svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/test-suite/trunk test-suite

3. Create a build directory and use CMake to configure the suite. Use the `CMAKE_C_COMPILER` option to specify the compiler to test. Use a cache file to choose a typical build configuration:

       % mkdir test-suite-build
       % cd test-suite-build
       % cmake -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=<path to llvm build>/bin/clang \
               -C../test-suite/cmake/caches/O3.cmake \
               ../test-suite

4. Build the benchmarks:

       % make
       Scanning dependencies of target timeit-target
       [  0%] Building C object tools/CMakeFiles/timeit-target.dir/timeit.c.o
       [  0%] Linking C executable timeit-target
       ...

5. Run the tests with lit:

       % llvm-lit -v -j 1 -o results.json .
       -- Testing: 474 tests, 1 threads --
       PASS: test-suite :: MultiSource/Applications/ALAC/decode/alacconvert-decode.test (1 of 474)
       ********** TEST 'test-suite :: MultiSource/Applications/ALAC/decode/alacconvert-decode.test' RESULTS **********
       compile_time: 0.2192
       exec_time: 0.0462
       hash: "59620e187c6ac38b36382685ccd2b63b"
       size: 83348
       **********
       PASS: test-suite :: MultiSource/Applications/ALAC/encode/alacconvert-encode.test (2 of 474)
       ...

6. Show and compare result files (optional):

       # Make sure pandas is installed. Prepend `sudo` if necessary.
       % pip install pandas
       # Show a single result file:
       % test-suite/utils/compare.py results.json
       # Compare two result files:
       % test-suite/utils/compare.py results_a.json results_b.json

## Structure

The test-suite contains benchmark and test programs. The programs come with reference outputs so that their correctness can be checked. The suite comes with tools to collect metrics such as benchmark runtime, compilation time and code size.

The test-suite is divided into several directories:

- `SingleSource/`

  Contains test programs that are only a single source file in size. A subdirectory may contain several programs.

- `MultiSource/`

  Contains subdirectories which entire programs with multiple source files. Large benchmarks and whole applications go here.

- `MicroBenchmarks/`

  Programs using the google-benchmark library. The programs define functions that are run multiple times until the measurement results are statistically significant.

- `External/`

  Contains descriptions and test data for code that cannot be directly distributed with the test-suite. The most prominent members of this directory are the SPEC CPU benchmark suites. See External Suites.

- `Bitcode/`

  These tests are mostly written in LLVM bitcode.

- `CTMark/`

  Contains symbolic links to other benchmarks forming a representative sample for compilation performance measurements.

### Benchmarks

Every program can work as a correctness test. Some programs are unsuitable for performance measurements. Setting the `TEST_SUITE_BENCHMARKING_ONLY` CMake option to `ON` will disable them.

## Configuration

The test-suite has configuration options to customize building and running the benchmarks. CMake can print a list of them:

    % cd test-suite-build
    # Print basic options:
    % cmake -LH
    # Print all options:
    % cmake -LAH

### Common Configuration Options

- `CMAKE_C_FLAGS`

  Specify extra flags to be passed to C compiler invocations. The flags are also passed to the C++ compiler and linker invocations. See https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/variable/CMAKE_LANG_FLAGS.html

- `CMAKE_C_COMPILER`

  Select the C compiler executable to be used. Note that the C++ compiler is inferred automatically i.e. when specifying `path/to/clang` CMake will automatically use `path/to/clang++` as the C++ compiler. See https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/variable/CMAKE_LANG_COMPILER.html

- `CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE`

  Select a build type like `OPTIMIZE` or `DEBUG` selecting a set of predefined compiler flags. These flags are applied regardless of the `CMAKE_C_FLAGS` option and may be changed by modifying `CMAKE_C_FLAGS_OPTIMIZE` etc. See [https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/variable/CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE.html]](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/variable/CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE.html)

- `TEST_SUITE_RUN_UNDER`

  Prefix test invocations with the given tool. This is typically used to run cross-compiled tests within a simulator tool.

- `TEST_SUITE_BENCHMARKING_ONLY`

  Disable tests that are unsuitable for performance measurements. The disabled tests either run for a very short time or are dominated by I/O performance making them unsuitable as compiler performance tests.

- `TEST_SUITE_SUBDIRS`

  Semicolon-separated list of directories to include. This can be used to only build parts of the test-suite or to include external suites. This option does not work reliably with deeper subdirectories as it skips intermediate `CMakeLists.txt` files which may be required.

- `TEST_SUITE_COLLECT_STATS`

  Collect internal LLVM statistics. Appends `-save-stats=obj` when invocing the compiler and makes the lit runner collect and merge the statistic files.

- `TEST_SUITE_RUN_BENCHMARKS`

  If this is set to `OFF` then lit will not actually run the tests but just collect build statistics like compile time and code size.

- `TEST_SUITE_USE_PERF`

  Use the `perf` tool for time measurement instead of the `timeit` tool that comes with the test-suite. The `perf` is usually available on linux systems.

- `TEST_SUITE_SPEC2000_ROOT`, `TEST_SUITE_SPEC2006_ROOT`, `TEST_SUITE_SPEC2017_ROOT`, …

  Specify installation directories of external benchmark suites. You can find more information about expected versions or usage in the README files in the `External` directory (such as `External/SPEC/README`)

### Common CMake Flags

- `-GNinja`

  Generate build files for the ninja build tool.

- `-Ctest-suite/cmake/caches/<cachefile.cmake>`

  Use a CMake cache. The test-suite comes with several CMake caches which predefine common or tricky build configurations.

## Displaying and Analyzing Results

The `compare.py` script displays and compares result files. A result file is produced when invoking lit with the `-o filename.json` flag.

Example usage:

- Basic Usage:

      % test-suite/utils/compare.py baseline.json
      Warning: 'test-suite :: External/SPEC/CINT2006/403.gcc/403.gcc.test' has No metrics!
      Tests: 508
      Metric: exec_time

      Program                                         baseline

      INT2006/456.hmmer/456.hmmer                   1222.90
      INT2006/464.h264ref/464.h264ref               928.70
      ...
                   baseline
      count  506.000000
      mean   20.563098
      std    111.423325
      min    0.003400
      25%    0.011200
      50%    0.339450
      75%    4.067200
      max    1222.896800

- Show compile_time or text segment size metrics:

      % test-suite/utils/compare.py -m compile_time baseline.json
      % test-suite/utils/compare.py -m size.__text baseline.json

- Compare two result files and filter short running tests:

      % test-suite/utils/compare.py --filter-short baseline.json experiment.json
      ...
      Program                                         baseline  experiment  diff

      SingleSour.../Benchmarks/Linpack/linpack-pc     5.16      4.30        -16.5%
      MultiSourc...erolling-dbl/LoopRerolling-dbl     7.01      7.86         12.2%
      SingleSour...UnitTests/Vectorizer/gcc-loops     3.89      3.54        -9.0%
      ...

- Merge multiple baseline and experiment result files by taking the minimum runtime each:

      % test-suite/utils/compare.py base0.json base1.json base2.json vs exp0.json exp1.json exp2.json

### Continuous Tracking with LNT

LNT is a set of client and server tools for continuously monitoring performance. You can find more information at http://llvm.org/docs/lnt. The official LNT instance of the LLVM project is hosted at http://lnt.llvm.org.

## External Suites

External suites such as SPEC can be enabled by either

- placing (or linking) them into the `test-suite/test-suite-externals/xxx` directory (example: `test-suite/test-suite-externals/speccpu2000`)
- using a configuration option such as `-D TEST_SUITE_SPEC2000_ROOT=path/to/speccpu2000`

You can find further information in the respective README files such as `test-suite/External/SPEC/README`.

For the SPEC benchmarks you can switch between the `test`, `train` and `ref` input datasets via the `TEST_SUITE_RUN_TYPE` configuration option. The `train` dataset is used by default.

## Custom Suites

You can build custom suites using the test-suite infrastructure. A custom suite has a `CMakeLists.txt` file at the top directory. The `CMakeLists.txt` will be picked up automatically if placed into a subdirectory of the test-suite or when setting the `TEST_SUITE_SUBDIRS` variable:

    % cmake -DTEST_SUITE_SUBDIRS=path/to/my/benchmark-suite ../test-suite

## Profile Guided Optimization

Profile guided optimization requires to compile and run twice. First the benchmark should be compiled with profile generation instrumentation enabled and setup for training data. The lit runner will merge the profile files using `llvm-profdata` so they can be used by the second compilation run.

Example:

    # Profile generation run:
    % cmake -DTEST_SUITE_PROFILE_GENERATE=ON \
            -DTEST_SUITE_RUN_TYPE=train \
            ../test-suite
    % make
    % llvm-lit .
    # Use the profile data for compilation and actual benchmark run:
    % cmake -DTEST_SUITE_PROFILE_GENERATE=OFF \
            -DTEST_SUITE_PROFILE_USE=ON \
            -DTEST_SUITE_RUN_TYPE=ref \
            .
    % make
    % llvm-lit -o result.json .

The `TEST_SUITE_RUN_TYPE` setting only affects the SPEC benchmark suites.

## Cross Compilation and External Devices

### Compilation

CMake allows to cross compile to a different target via toolchain files. More information can be found here:

- http://llvm.org/docs/lnt/tests.html#cross-compiling
- https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/manual/cmake-toolchains.7.html

Cross compilation from macOS to iOS is possible with the `test-suite/cmake/caches/target-target-*-iphoneos-internal.cmake` CMake cache files; this requires an internal iOS SDK.

### Running

There are two ways to run the tests in a cross compilation setting:

- Via SSH connection to an external device: The `TEST_SUITE_REMOTE_HOST` option should be set to the SSH hostname. The executables and data files need to be transferred to the device after compilation. This is typically done via the `rsync` make target. After this, the lit runner can be used on the host machine. It will prefix the benchmark and verification command lines with an `ssh` command.

  Example:

      % cmake -G Ninja -D CMAKE_C_COMPILER=path/to/clang \
              -C ../test-suite/cmake/caches/target-arm64-iphoneos-internal.cmake \
              -D TEST_SUITE_REMOTE_HOST=mydevice \
              ../test-suite
      % ninja
      % ninja rsync
      % llvm-lit -j1 -o result.json .

- You can specify a simulator for the target machine with the `TEST_SUITE_RUN_UNDER` setting. The lit runner will prefix all benchmark invocations with it.

## Running the test-suite via LNT

The LNT tool can run the test-suite. Use this when submitting test results to an LNT instance. See http://llvm.org/docs/lnt/tests.html#llvm-cmake-test-suite for details.

## Running the test-suite via Makefiles (deprecated)

Note: The test-suite comes with a set of Makefiles that are considered deprecated. They do not support newer testing modes like `Bitcode` or `Microbenchmarks` and are harder to use.

Old documentation is available in the test-suite Makefile Guide.