/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
 * Copyright 1993, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research           *
 * See netcdf/COPYRIGHT file for copying and redistribution conditions.      *
 *                                                                           *
 * Copyright by The HDF Group.                                               *
 * Copyright by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois.         *
 * All rights reserved.                                                      *
 *                                                                           *
 * This file is part of HDF.  The full HDF copyright notice, including       *
 * terms governing use, modification, and redistribution, is contained in    *
 * the COPYING file, which can be found at the root of the source code       *
 * distribution tree, or in https://support.hdfgroup.org/ftp/HDF/releases/.  *
 * If you do not have access to either file, you may request a copy from     *
 * help@hdfgroup.org.                                                        *
 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */

#include "nc_priv.h"
#include "hfile_priv.h"

/* Local function prototypes */
static bool_t nssdc_xdr_NCvdata(NC *handle, NC_var *vp, unsigned long where, nc_type type, uint32 count,
                                void *values);

static intn hdf_xdr_NCvdata(NC *handle, NC_var *vp, unsigned long where, nc_type type, uint32 count,
                            void *values);

static intn hdf_xdr_NCv1data(NC *handle, NC_var *vp, unsigned long where, nc_type type, void *values);

static intn SDIresizebuf(void **buf, int32 *buf_size, int32 size_wanted);

static const long *NCvcmaxcontig(NC *, NC_var *, const long *, const long *);

int NC_fill_buffer(NC *handle, int varid, const long *edges, void *values);

#define xdr_NCsetpos(xdrs, pos) h4_xdr_setpos((xdrs), (pos))

/*
 * Check if an ncxxx function has called the current function
 */
static bool_t
nc_API(const char *caller)
{
    char *nc_api = NULL;
    nc_api       = strstr(caller, "nc");
    if (nc_api == caller)
        return TRUE;
    return FALSE;
}

/*
 * At the current position, add a record containing the fill values.
 */
static bool_t
NCfillrecord(XDR *xdrs, NC_var **vpp, unsigned numvars)
{
    unsigned ii;

    for (ii = 0; ii < numvars; ii++, vpp++) {
        if (!IS_RECVAR(*vpp)) {
            continue; /* skip non-record variables */
        }

        /* compute sub size */
        if (!xdr_NC_fill(xdrs, *vpp))
            return (FALSE);
    }
    return (TRUE);
}

/*
 * Check whether coords are valid for the variable.
 * For 'record' variables:
 *    + if the accessing is writing, add and fill records out with
 *    user-provided fill values or predefined fill values to the
 *    requested recno == coords[0], as a side effect.
 *    + if the accessing is reading, fill records with fill values up
 *    to the requested recno when an nc API (ie. ncvarget) leads to
 *    this, and flag as an error when an SD API (ie. SDreaddata) does.
 *    + update NC_var.numrecs to reflect the filled records
 *    + update NC.numrecs to NC_var.numrecs if NC_var.numrecs is larger
 * -BMR, 12/09/2008
 */
bool_t
NCcoordck(NC *handle, NC_var *vp, const long *coords)
{
    const long    *ip;
    unsigned long *up;
    const long    *boundary;
    long           unfilled; /* number of records that need to be filled */

    boundary = NULL; /* assuming no boundary check is needed */
    if (IS_RECVAR(vp)) {
        /* For the variable with unlimited dimension we need to check that
           the size of the first dimension is non-negative, there is no
           upper bound for it; the sizes of the rest of the dimensions are
           checked as for the regular fixed size variable (see the "for" loop
           further down)
                                                      EIP 01/13/09    */

        /* Check that first dimension is non-negative */
        if (*coords < 0)
            goto bad;

        /* Set up boundary to check the rest of the dims if there are more than one dim */
        if (vp->assoc->count > 1)
            boundary = coords + 1;
    }
    else
        boundary = coords; /* no unlimited, boundary starts at first dim */

    if (boundary != NULL) /* no unlimited dim or unlimited dim and more than one dim */
    {
        up = vp->shape + vp->assoc->count - 1; /* pointer for dimension sizes */
        ip = coords + vp->assoc->count - 1;    /* pointer for start coords */

        /* for each dimension, check if starting coord is within dim size */
        for (; ip >= boundary; ip--, up--) {
            if (*ip < 0 || *ip >= (long)*up)
                goto bad;
        }
    } /* more than one dim */

    /* Reset ip to coords for subsequent use */
    ip = coords;

    /*******************************************************/
    /* The following block is for hdf4 API and hdf4/nc API */
    /*******************************************************/

    /* If file is an HDF file (ie., not netCDF, created with HDF API or
    HDF/nc API) and the variable has unlimited dimension */
    if (handle->file_type == HDF_FILE && IS_RECVAR(vp)) {
        void     *strg  = NULL;
        void     *strg1 = NULL;
        NC_attr **attr  = NULL;
        int       count, byte_count;
        int       len;

        /* Determine if fill values need to be written.  For example, if
           vp's numrecs is 5, and the accessed index is 8 (*ip), then recs
           #5,6,7 will be filled with fill value.  Note: maybe '<' should be
    "<=", but adding it alone caused ill-effects so a through study
    is needed, plus '<' doesn't really cause problem, it just meant
    when unfilled = 0, we'll fill 0 record below. -BMR, 12/8/2008*/
        if ((unfilled = *ip - vp->numrecs) < 0)
            return TRUE;

        /* If we get here from an nc API, then reading beyond the end of the
           current variable will write fill values to the gap between the end
           of this variable and the max numrecs in the file.  It will only fail
           for reading beyond the end if the calling function is from the SD
           API. */

        /* check to see if we are trying to read beyond the end */
        if (handle->xdrs->x_op != XDR_ENCODE) {
            if (!nc_API(cdf_routine_name)) /* from an SD API call */
                goto bad;                  /* cannot read beyond the end of var */
            else                           /* from an nc API call */
                if (*ip >= handle->numrecs)
                    goto bad; /* only fail if reading pass max numrecs in file */
        }

        /* If NOFILL is not requested, proceed to write fill values */
        if ((handle->flags & NC_NOFILL) == 0) {
            /* make sure we can write to this variable */
            if (vp->aid == FAIL && hdf_get_vp_aid(handle, vp) == FAIL)
                return (FALSE);

            /* strg and strg1 are to hold fill value and its conversion */
            len   = (vp->len / vp->HDFsize) * vp->szof;
            strg  = malloc(len);
            strg1 = malloc(len);
            if (NULL == strg || NULL == strg1)
                return FALSE;

            /* Find the attribute _FillValue to get the user's fill value */
            attr = NC_findattr(&vp->attrs, _FillValue);

            /* If the attribute is found, fill strg with the fill value */
            if (attr != NULL)
                HDmemfill(strg, (*attr)->data->values, vp->szof, (vp->len / vp->HDFsize));
            /* otherwise, fill strg with predefined fill values such as
                    FILL_SHORT, FILL_BYTE,... */
            else
                NC_arrayfill(strg, len, vp->type);

            /*
             * Seek to correct location
             */
            byte_count = vp->len;
            count      = byte_count / vp->HDFsize;

            if (FAIL == Hseek(vp->aid, (vp->numrecs) * byte_count, DF_START))
                return FALSE;

            /*
             * Write out the values
             */
            if (FAIL == DFKconvert(strg, strg1, vp->HDFtype, count, DFACC_WRITE, 0, 0))
                return FALSE;

            /* Write fill value to each record for all "unfilled" records */
            for (; unfilled >= 0; unfilled--, vp->numrecs++) {
                if (FAIL == Hwrite(vp->aid, byte_count, (uint8 *)strg1))
                    return FALSE;
            }

            free(strg);
            free(strg1);
            strg = strg1 = NULL;
        } /* !SD_NOFILL  */

        vp->numrecs = MAX(vp->numrecs, (*ip + 1)); /* if NOFILL  */
        if ((*ip + 1) > (long)(handle->numrecs)) {
            handle->numrecs = *ip + 1;
            handle->flags |= NC_NDIRTY;
        }

        return (TRUE);
    }

    /**********************************************/
    /* The following block is for netCDF API file */
    /**********************************************/

    if (IS_RECVAR(vp) && (unfilled = *ip - handle->numrecs) >= 0) {
        /* check to see if we are trying to read beyond the end */
        if (handle->xdrs->x_op != XDR_ENCODE)
            goto bad;
        /* else */

        handle->flags |= NC_NDIRTY;
        if (handle->flags & NC_NOFILL) {
            /* Go directly to jail, do not pass go */
            handle->numrecs = *ip + 1;
        }
        else {
            /* fill out new records */
            if (!xdr_NCsetpos(handle->xdrs, handle->begin_rec + handle->recsize * handle->numrecs)) {
                nc_serror("NCcoordck seek, var %s", vp->name->values);
                return (FALSE);
            }
            for (; unfilled >= 0; unfilled--, handle->numrecs++) {
                if (!NCfillrecord(handle->xdrs, (NC_var **)handle->vars->values, handle->vars->count)) {
                    nc_serror("NCcoordck fill, var %s, rec %ld", vp->name->values, handle->numrecs);
                    return (FALSE);
                }
            }
        }
        if (handle->flags & NC_NSYNC) /* write out header->numrecs NOW */
        {
            if (!xdr_numrecs(handle->xdrs, handle))
                return (FALSE);
            handle->flags &= ~NC_NDIRTY;
        }
    }

    return (TRUE);
bad:
    NCadvise(NC_EINVALCOORDS, "%s: Invalid Coordinates", vp->name->values);
    return (FALSE);
}

/*
 * Translate the (variable, coords) pair into a seek index
 */
static unsigned long
NC_varoffset(NC *handle, NC_var *vp, const long *coords)
{
    unsigned long  offset;
    const long    *ip;
    unsigned long *up;
    const long    *boundary;
    vix_t         *vix;
    intn           i;

    if (vp->assoc->count == 0) /* 'scaler' variable */
        return (vp->begin);

    if (IS_RECVAR(vp))
        boundary = coords + 1;
    else
        boundary = coords;

    up = vp->dsizes + vp->assoc->count - 1;
    ip = coords + vp->assoc->count - 1;
    for (offset = 0; ip >= boundary; ip--, up--)
        offset += *up * *ip;

    if (IS_RECVAR(vp)) {
        switch (handle->file_type) {
            case HDF_FILE:
                return (vp->dsizes[0] * *coords + offset);
            case netCDF_FILE:
                return (vp->begin + handle->recsize * *coords + offset);
            case CDF_FILE:
                return (0);
        }
    }
    else {
        switch (handle->file_type) {
            case HDF_FILE:
                return (offset);
            case netCDF_FILE:
                return (vp->begin + offset);
            case CDF_FILE:
                if ((vix = vp->vixHead) == NULL)
                    return (-1);

                /*
                 * Record data is stored in chunks.  the firstRec and lastRec
                 *  fields give the indices of the first and last records
                 *  stored in a given chunk and the offset gives the offset in
                 *  the file of where that chunk starts.  The local variable
                 *  'offset' gives the offset into the entire variable space
                 *  where we want to read.  To map find the correct location
                 *  we need to find the correct chunk and then get our offset
                 *  within that chunk
                 */
                while (vix) {
                    for (i = 0; i < vix->nUsed; i++) {
                        if ((vix->firstRec[i] <= *coords) && (vix->lastRec[i] >= *coords)) {
                            /* found the record we want */
                            return (offset + vix->offset[i] - vix->firstRec[i] * vp->dsizes[0] + 8);
                        }
                    } /* loop over user entries in current vix record */
                    vix = vix->next;
                } /* loop over all vix records */
                break;
        }
    }

    /* should never get to here */
    return (0);

} /* NC_varoffset */

/*
 * xdr 1 - 3 bytes, leaving adjoining bytes within the word ok.
 * (minimum unit of io is 4 bytes)
 */
static bool_t
xdr_NCvbyte(XDR *xdrs, unsigned rem, unsigned count, char *values)
{
    char          buf[4];
    unsigned long origin = 0;
    enum xdr_op   x_op   = xdrs->x_op; /* save state */

    if (x_op == XDR_ENCODE) {
        /*
         * Since we only read/write multiples of four bytes,
         * We will read in the word to change one byte in it.
         */
        origin = h4_xdr_getpos(xdrs);

        /* Next op is a get */
        xdrs->x_op = XDR_DECODE;
    }

    if (!h4_xdr_opaque(xdrs, buf, 4)) {
        /* Get failed, assume we are trying to read off the end */
        memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
    }

    if (x_op == XDR_ENCODE) /* back to encode */
        xdrs->x_op = x_op;

    while (count-- != 0) {
        if (x_op == XDR_ENCODE)
            buf[rem] = *values;
        else
            *values = buf[rem];

        rem++;
        values++;
    }

    if (x_op == XDR_ENCODE) {
        if (!h4_xdr_setpos(xdrs, origin))
            return (FALSE);
        if (!h4_xdr_opaque(xdrs, buf, 4))
            return (FALSE);
    }

    return (TRUE);
}

/*
 * xdr a short leaving adjoining short within the word ok.
 * (minimum unit of io is 4 bytes)
 */
bool_t
xdr_NCvshort(XDR *xdrs, unsigned which, short *values)
{
    unsigned char buf[4]; /* unsigned is important here */
    unsigned long origin = 0;
    enum xdr_op   x_op   = xdrs->x_op; /* save state */

    if (x_op == XDR_ENCODE) {
        origin = h4_xdr_getpos(xdrs);

        /* Next op is a get */
        xdrs->x_op = XDR_DECODE;
    }

    if (!h4_xdr_opaque(xdrs, (char *)buf, 4)) {
        /* Get failed, assume we are trying to read off the end */
        memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
    }

    if (x_op == XDR_ENCODE) /* back to encode */
        xdrs->x_op = x_op;

    if (which != 0)
        which = 2;

    if (xdrs->x_op == XDR_ENCODE) {
        buf[which + 1] = *values % 256;
        buf[which]     = (*values >> 8);

        if (!h4_xdr_setpos(xdrs, origin))
            return (FALSE);
        if (!h4_xdr_opaque(xdrs, (char *)buf, 4))
            return (FALSE);
    }
    else {
        *values = ((buf[which] & 0x7f) << 8) + buf[which + 1];
        if (buf[which] & 0x80) {
            /* extern is neg */
            *values -= 0x8000;
        }
    }
    return (TRUE);
}

/*
 * xdr a single datum of type 'type' at 'where'
 */
static bool_t
xdr_NCv1data(XDR *xdrs, unsigned long where, nc_type type, Void *values)
{
    unsigned long rem = 0;

    switch (type) {
        case NC_BYTE:
        case NC_CHAR:
        case NC_SHORT:
            rem = where % 4;
            where -= rem; /* round down to nearest word */
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
    if (!xdr_NCsetpos(xdrs, where))
        return (FALSE);

    switch (type) {
        case NC_BYTE:
        case NC_CHAR:
            return (xdr_NCvbyte(xdrs, (unsigned)rem, (unsigned)1, (char *)values));
        case NC_SHORT:
            return (xdr_NCvshort(xdrs, (unsigned)rem / 2, (short *)values));
        case NC_LONG:
            /* nclong is defined to a 32-bit integer type in netcdf.h */
            return (h4_xdr_int(xdrs, (nclong *)values));
        case NC_FLOAT:
            return (h4_xdr_float(xdrs, (float *)values));
        case NC_DOUBLE:
            return (h4_xdr_double(xdrs, (double *)values));
        default:
            break;
    }
    return (FALSE);
}

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *            NCSA HDF / netCDF Project
 *                   May, 1993
 *
 * NCSA HDF / netCDF source code and documentation are in the public domain.
 * Specifically, we give to the public domain all rights for future
 * licensing of the source code, all resale rights, and all publishing rights.
 *
 * We ask, but do not require, that the following message be included in all
 * derived works:
 *
 * Portions developed at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at
 * the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.  Funding for this project
 * has come primarily from the National Science Foundation.
 *
 * THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS GIVES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, FOR THE
 * SOFTWARE AND/OR DOCUMENTATION PROVIDED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
 * WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 *
 ******************************************************************************
 *
 * Please report all bugs / comments to hdfhelp@ncsa.uiuc.edu
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

static int32 tBuf_size    = 0;
static int32 tValues_size = 0;
static int8 *tBuf         = NULL;
static int8 *tValues      = NULL;

/* ------------------------------ SDPfreebuf ------------------------------ */
/*
    Throw away the temporary buffer we've allocated
*/
intn
SDPfreebuf(void)
{
    if (tBuf != NULL) {
        free(tBuf);
        tBuf      = NULL;
        tBuf_size = 0;
    }

    if (tValues != NULL) {
        free(tValues);
        tValues      = NULL;
        tValues_size = 0;
    }

    return SUCCEED;
}

/* ------------------------------ SDIresizebuf ------------------------------ */
/*
    Resize a temporary buffer to the proper size
*/
static intn
SDIresizebuf(void **buf, int32 *buf_size, int32 size_wanted)
{
    intn ret_value = SUCCEED;

    if (*buf_size < size_wanted) {
        free(*buf);
        *buf_size = size_wanted;
        *buf      = calloc(1, size_wanted);
        if (*buf == NULL) {
            *buf_size = 0;
            ret_value = FAIL;
            goto done;
        }
    }

done:
    return ret_value;
} /* end SDIresizebuf() */

#define MAX_SIZE 1000000

/* ------------------------- hdf_get_data ------------------- */
/*
 * Given a variable vgid return the id of a valid data storage
 * If no data storage is found, hdf_get_data returns DFREF_NONE(0).
 *
 * NEW WAY: we delay filling until data is  written out -QAK
 *
 */
intn
hdf_get_data(NC *handle, NC_var *vp)
{
    int32 vg   = FAIL;
    int32 vsid = DFREF_NONE;
    int32 tag, t, n;
    int   ret_value = DFREF_NONE;

    if (NULL == handle) {
        ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
        goto done;
    }

    if (NULL == vp) {
        ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
        goto done;
    }

    /*
     * if it is stored as NDGs we can't do any better than what was
     *    originally stored in vp->data_ref
     */
    if (vp->data_tag == DFTAG_SDS) {
        ret_value = vp->data_ref;
        goto done;
    }

    if (vp->vgid) {
        /* attach to the variable's Vgroup */
        vg = Vattach(handle->hdf_file, vp->vgid, "r");
        if (FAIL == vg) {
            ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
            goto done;
        }

        /* loop through looking for a data storage object */
        n = Vntagrefs(vg);
        if (FAIL == n) {
            ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
            goto done;
        }

        for (t = 0; t < n; t++) {
            if (FAIL == Vgettagref(vg, t, &tag, &vsid)) {
                ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
                goto done;
            }

            if (tag == DATA_TAG) { /* detach */
                if (FAIL == Vdetach(vg)) {
                    ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
                    goto done;
                }
                ret_value = vsid;
                goto done;
            } /* end if */
        }
        /* don't forget to let go of vgroup */
        if (FAIL == Vdetach(vg)) {
            ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
            goto done;
        }
    }

    /* are we only in read-only mode? */
    if (handle->hdf_mode == DFACC_RDONLY) { /* yes, not good */
        ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
        goto done;
    }

    /*
     * create a new data storage object
     */

    /* --------------------------------------
     *
     * allocate new data storage
     *
     * --------------------------------------
     */

    vsid = Hnewref(handle->hdf_file);

    /* if it is a record var might as well make it linked blocks now */
    if (IS_RECVAR(vp)) {
        int32 block_size; /* the size of the linked blocks to use */

        /* The block size is calculated according to the following heuristic: */
        /*   First, the block size the user set is used, if set. */
        /*   Second, the block size is calculated according to the size being */
        /*           written times the BLOCK_MULT value, in order to make */
        /*           bigger blocks if the slices are very small. */
        /*   Third, the calculated size is check if it is bigger than the */
        /*           MAX_BLOCK_SIZE value so that huge empty blocks are not */
        /*           created.  If the calculated size is greater than */
        /*           MAX_BLOCK_SIZE, then MAX_BLOCK_SIZE is used */
        /* These are very vague heuristics, but hopefully they should avoid */
        /* some of the past problems... -QAK */
        if (vp->block_size != (-1)) /* use value the user provided, if available */
            block_size = vp->block_size;
        else { /* try figuring out a good value using some heuristics */
               /* User's suggested fix for bug #602 - Apr, 2005 */
            /* This check avoids overflowing the int32 block_size */
            /* if the user has a huge value for vp->len */
            if (vp->len > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
                block_size = MAX_BLOCK_SIZE;
            else {
                block_size = vp->len * BLOCK_MULT;
                if (block_size > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
                    block_size = MAX_BLOCK_SIZE;
            }
        } /* end else */

        vp->aid = HLcreate(handle->hdf_file, DATA_TAG, vsid, block_size, BLOCK_COUNT);
        if (vp->aid == FAIL) {
            ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
            goto done;
        }

        if (Hendaccess(vp->aid) == FAIL) {
            ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
            goto done;
        }
    }

    if (vp->vgid) {
        /* attach to the variable's Vgroup */
        vg = Vattach(handle->hdf_file, vp->vgid, "w");
        if (vg == FAIL) {
            ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
            goto done;
        }

        /* add new Vdata to existing Vgroup */
        if (FAIL == Vaddtagref(vg, (int32)DATA_TAG, (int32)vsid)) {
            ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
            goto done;
        }

        /* detach from the variable's VGroup --- will no longer need it */
        if (FAIL == Vdetach(vg)) {
            ret_value = DFREF_NONE;
            goto done;
        }
    }

    vp->aid = FAIL;

    /* added a new object -- make sure we flush the header */
    handle->flags |= NC_HDIRTY;

    ret_value = vsid;

done:
    if (ret_value == DFREF_NONE) { /* Failure cleanup */
        if (vg != FAIL) {
            Vdetach(vg); /* no point in catch error here if we fail */
        }
    }

    return ret_value;
} /* hdf_get_data */

/* ---------------------------- hdf_get_vp_aid ---------------------------- */
/*

  Return an AID for the current variable.  Return FAIL on error SUCCEED on success

*/
int32
hdf_get_vp_aid(NC *handle, NC_var *vp)
{
    int32 ret_value = SUCCEED;

    /* attach to proper data storage*/
    if (!vp->data_ref)
        vp->data_ref = hdf_get_data(handle, vp);

    /*
     * Fail if there is no data
     */
    if (vp->data_ref == DFREF_NONE) {
        ret_value = FAIL;
        goto done;
    }

    if (handle->hdf_mode == DFACC_RDONLY)
        vp->aid = Hstartread(handle->hdf_file, vp->data_tag, vp->data_ref);
    else {
        if (!IS_RECVAR(vp)) {
            vp->aid = Hstartaccess(handle->hdf_file, vp->data_tag, vp->data_ref, DFACC_WRITE);
            if (vp->set_length == TRUE) {
                Hsetlength(vp->aid, vp->len);
                vp->set_length = FALSE;
            }
        }
        else
            vp->aid =
                Hstartaccess(handle->hdf_file, vp->data_tag, vp->data_ref, DFACC_WRITE | DFACC_APPENDABLE);
    }

    ret_value = vp->aid;

done:
    return ret_value;
} /* hdf_get_vp_aid */

/* --------------------------- hdf_xdr_NCvdata ---------------------------- */
/*
 *  Read / write 'count' items of contiguous data of type 'type' at 'where'
 *
 * If we are not already attached to the VData representing the
 *  data attach to it now.  Since attaching / detaching is so
 *  slow, stay attached for future reads / writes.  As a result,
 *  we must always attach with write access.
 *
 * The calling routine is responsible for calling DFKsetNT() as required.
 */
static intn
hdf_xdr_NCvdata(NC *handle, NC_var *vp, unsigned long where, nc_type type, uint32 count, void *values)
{
    NC_attr **attr = NULL; /* pointer to the fill-value attribute */
    int32     status;
    int32     byte_count;        /* total # of bytes of data to be processed */
    int32     elements_left = 0; /* number of elements still left to be processed */
    int32     data_size;         /* size of data block being processed in bytes */
    int32     new_count; /* computed by dividing number of elements 'count' by 2 since 'count' is too big to
                            allocate temporary buffer */
    int32  bytes_left;
    int32  elem_length;    /* length of the element pointed to */
    int8   platntsubclass; /* the machine type of the current platform */
    int8   outntsubclass;  /* the data's machine type */
    uintn  convert;        /* whether to convert or not */
    uint8 *pvalues;        /* pointer to traverse user's buffer "values" */
    int16  isspecial;
    intn   ret_value    = SUCCEED;
    int32  alloc_status = FAIL; /* no successful allocation yet */

    (void)type;

    if (vp->aid == FAIL && hdf_get_vp_aid(handle, vp) == FAIL) {
        /*
         * Fail if there is no data *AND* we were trying to read...
         * Otherwise, we should fill with the fillvalue
         */
        if (vp->data_ref == 0) {
            if (handle->hdf_mode == DFACC_RDONLY) {
                if (vp->data_tag == DATA_TAG || vp->data_tag == DFTAG_SDS) {
                    if ((attr = NC_findattr(&vp->attrs, _FillValue)) != NULL)
                        HDmemfill(values, (*attr)->data->values, vp->szof, count);
                    else
                        NC_arrayfill(values, count * vp->szof, vp->type);
                }

                ret_value = SUCCEED;
                goto done;
            }
            else {
                ret_value = FAIL;
                goto done;
            }
        }
    }

    /*
       Figure out if the tag/ref is a compressed special-element with no data.
       This "template" tag/ref is treated as if the tag/ref doesn't exist at
       all:  reading from it fills a memory buffer and returns it to the user
       and writing to it fills up the buffer around the block to write.
    */
    if (Hinquire(vp->aid, NULL, NULL, NULL, &elem_length, NULL, NULL, NULL, &isspecial) == FAIL) {
        ret_value = FAIL;
        goto done;
    }

    /* Check for zero-length compressed special element, i.e. a template */
    if (elem_length <= 0) {
        attr = NC_findattr(&vp->attrs, _FillValue);

        /* Check for reading from template & fill memory buffer with fill-value */
        if (handle->xdrs->x_op == XDR_DECODE) {
            if (attr != NULL)
                HDmemfill(values, (*attr)->data->values, vp->szof, count);
            else
                NC_arrayfill(values, count * vp->szof, vp->type);

            ret_value = SUCCEED; /* we are done */
            goto done;
        } /* end if */
    }     /* end if */

    /* Collect all the number-type size information, etc. */
    byte_count = count * vp->HDFsize;

    if (FAIL == (platntsubclass = DFKgetPNSC(vp->HDFtype, DF_MT))) {
        ret_value = FAIL;
        goto done;
    }

    if (DFKisnativeNT(vp->HDFtype)) {
        if (FAIL == (outntsubclass = DFKgetPNSC(vp->HDFtype, DF_MT))) {
            ret_value = FAIL;
            goto done;
        }
    }
    else {
        outntsubclass = DFKislitendNT(vp->HDFtype) ? DFNTF_PC : DFNTF_HDFDEFAULT;
    }

    convert = (uintn)(platntsubclass != outntsubclass);

    /* BMR - bug#268: removed the block here that attempted to allocation
    large amount of space and failed.  The allocation is not incorporated
    in the reading values, writing values, and writing fill values parts in
    this routine */

    /*
     * It may be the case that the current does NOT begin at the start of the
     *   data-object which is storing it.  In that case compute the correct
     *   location.
     * QAK: This shouldn't be an issue for compressed template objects.
     */

    if (vp->data_offset > 0) {
        where += vp->data_offset;
        /* if the dataset doesn't exist yet, we need to fill in the dimension scale info */
        if (elem_length <= 0 && (handle->flags & NC_NOFILL) == 0) {
            /* BMR: work around for the low memory problem by repeatedly
                     processing smaller amount blocks of data */

            /* compute the data block size and the # of elements*/
            data_size = MAX(byte_count, where);
            new_count = vp->data_offset / vp->HDFsize;

            /* attempt to allocate the entire amount needed first, data_size bytes */
            alloc_status = SDIresizebuf((void **)&tBuf, &tBuf_size, data_size);

            /* if fail to allocate, repeatedly calculate a new amount
            and allocate until success or until no more memory available */
            while (alloc_status == FAIL) {
                new_count = new_count / 2; /* try smaller number of elements */
                if (new_count <= 0)        /* unable to allocate any memory */
                {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }
                /* re-calculate the size of the data block using smaller # of elements */
                data_size    = new_count * vp->szof;
                alloc_status = SDIresizebuf((void **)&tBuf, &tBuf_size, data_size);
            } /* while trying to allocate */

            /* assume that all elements are to be processed */
            elements_left = vp->data_offset / vp->HDFsize;

            /* repeatedly read, convert, and store blocks of data_size
                       bytes of data into the user's buffer until no more elements
                       left */
            while (elements_left > 0) {
                /* Fill the temporary buffer with the fill-value */
                if (attr != NULL)
                    HDmemfill(tBuf, (*attr)->data->values, vp->szof, new_count);
                else
                    NC_arrayfill(tBuf, data_size, vp->type);

                /* convert the fill-values, if necessary */
                if (convert) {
                    if (FAIL == DFKconvert(tBuf, tBuf, vp->HDFtype, (uint32)new_count, DFACC_WRITE, 0, 0)) {
                        ret_value = FAIL;
                        goto done;
                    }
                } /* end if convert */

                /* Write the fill-values out */
                status = Hwrite(vp->aid, data_size, tBuf);
                if (data_size == status) {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }

                /* compute the number of elements left to be processed */
                elements_left = elements_left - new_count;

                /* adjust the # of elements in the final block and
                    compute that block's size if necessary */
                if (elements_left > 0 && elements_left < new_count) {
                    new_count = elements_left;
                    data_size = new_count * vp->szof;
                }
            } /* while more elements left to be processed */

            SDPfreebuf(); /* free tBuf and tValues if any exists */
                          /* end of BMR part */
        }                 /* end if */
    }                     /* end if */

    /* if we get here and the length is 0, we need to fill in the initial set of fill-values */
    if (elem_length <= 0 && where > 0) { /* fill in the lead sequence of bytes with the fill values */
        if ((handle->flags & NC_NOFILL) == 0 || isspecial == SPECIAL_COMP) {
            int32  buf_size = where;
            int32  chunk_size;
            int32  tempbuf_size; /* size to allocate buffer tBuf */
            uint8 *write_buf = NULL;
            uint32 fill_count; /* number of fill values */

            /* this block is to work around the failure caused by
            allocating a large chunk for the temporary buffers.
            First, try to allocate the desired chunk for both
            buffers; if any allocation fails, reduce the chunk size
            in half and try again until both buffers are
            successfully allocated - BMR */

            chunk_size   = MIN(buf_size, MAX_SIZE); /* initial chunk size */
            alloc_status = FAIL;

            /* while any allocation fails */
            while (alloc_status == FAIL) {
                /* try to allocate the buffer to hold the fill values after conversion */
                alloc_status = SDIresizebuf((void **)&tValues, &tValues_size, chunk_size);
                /* then, if successful, try to allocate the temporary
                buffer that holds the fill values before conversion */
                if (alloc_status != FAIL) {
                    /* calculate the size needed to allocate tBuf by
                        first calculating the number of fill values that
                        cover the chunk in buffer tValues after conversion... */
                    fill_count = chunk_size / vp->HDFsize;

                    /* then use that number to compute the size of
                        the buffer to hold fill_count fill values of type
                        vp->szof, i.e., before conversion */
                    tempbuf_size = fill_count * vp->szof;
                    alloc_status = SDIresizebuf((void **)&tBuf, &tBuf_size, tempbuf_size);
                } /* if first allocation successes */

                if (alloc_status == FAIL)        /* if any allocations fail */
                    chunk_size = chunk_size / 2; /* try smaller chunk size */

                if (chunk_size <= 0) /* unable to allocate any memory */
                {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }
            } /* while any allocation fails */

            /* Fill the temporary buffer tBuf with the fill-value
            specified in the attribute if one exists, otherwise,
            with the default value */
            if (attr != NULL)
                HDmemfill(tBuf, (*attr)->data->values, vp->szof, fill_count);
            else
                NC_arrayfill(tBuf, tempbuf_size, vp->type);

            /* convert the fill-values, if necessary, and store
            them in the buffer tValues */
            if (convert) {
                if (FAIL == DFKconvert(tBuf, tValues, vp->HDFtype, fill_count, DFACC_WRITE, 0, 0)) {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }
                write_buf = (uint8 *)tValues;
            } /* end if */
            else
                write_buf = (uint8 *)tBuf;

            do {
                /* Write the fill-values out */
                status = Hwrite(vp->aid, chunk_size, write_buf);
                if (status != chunk_size) {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }

                /* reduce the bytes to be written */
                buf_size -= chunk_size;

                /* to take care of the last piece of data */
                chunk_size = MIN(chunk_size, buf_size);
            } while (buf_size > 0);
        }      /* end if */
        else { /* don't write fill values, just seek to the correct location */
            if (Hseek(vp->aid, where, DF_START) == FAIL) {
                ret_value = FAIL;
                goto done;
            }
        }  /* end else */
    }      /* end if */
    else { /* position ourselves correctly */

        if (elem_length > 0) {
            if (Hseek(vp->aid, where, DF_START) == FAIL) {
                ret_value = FAIL;
                goto done;
            }
        }
    } /* end else */

    /* Read or write the data into / from values */
    if (handle->xdrs->x_op == XDR_DECODE) /* the read case */
    {
        if (convert) /* if data need to be converted for this platform */
        {
            data_size = byte_count; /* use data_size; preserve the byte count */
            new_count = count;      /* use new_count; preserve the # of elements */

            /* attempt to allocate the entire amount needed first */
            alloc_status = SDIresizebuf((void **)&tBuf, &tBuf_size, data_size);

            /* if fail to allocate, repeatedly calculate a new amount and
                allocate until success or until no memory available */
            while (alloc_status == FAIL) {
                new_count = new_count / 2; /* try smaller number of elements */
                if (new_count <= 0)        /* unable to allocate any memory */
                {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }

                /* re-calculate the size of the data block */
                data_size    = new_count * vp->szof;
                alloc_status = SDIresizebuf((void **)&tBuf, &tBuf_size, data_size);
            }

            /* repeatedly read, convert, and store blocks of data_size
                bytes of data into the user's buffer until no more elements
                left */

            /* number of elements left to be processed */
            elements_left = count;

            /* put a ptr at the beginning of the user buffer for read data */
            pvalues = values;

            while (elements_left > 0) {
                status = Hread(vp->aid, data_size, tBuf);
                if (status != data_size) /* amount read != amount specified */
                {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }
                /* convert and store new_count elements in tBuf into
                   the buffer values, pointed to by pvalues */
                if (FAIL == DFKconvert(tBuf, pvalues, vp->HDFtype, (uint32)new_count, DFACC_READ, 0, 0)) {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }

                /* compute the number of elements left to be processed */
                elements_left = elements_left - new_count;

                /* adjust the # of elements in the final block and
                           compute that block's size if necessary */
                if (elements_left > 0 && elements_left < new_count) {
                    new_count = elements_left;
                    data_size = new_count * vp->szof;
                }

                /* advance pvalues on buffer "values" for next batch of data */
                pvalues = pvalues + data_size;
            } /* while more elements left to be processed */

            SDPfreebuf(); /* free tBuf and tValues if any exist */
        }                 /* end if convert */
        else              /* no convert, read directly into the user's buffer */
        {
            status = Hread(vp->aid, byte_count, values);
            if (status != byte_count) {
                ret_value = FAIL;
                goto done;
            }
        }            /* end else */
    }                /* end if XDR_DECODE */
    else {           /* XDR_ENCODE */
        if (convert) /* if data need to be converted for this platform */
        {
            data_size = byte_count; /* use data_size; preserve the byte count*/
            new_count = count;      /* use new_count; preserve the # of elements */

            /* attempt to allocate the entire amount needed first */
            alloc_status = SDIresizebuf((void **)&tBuf, &tBuf_size, data_size);

            /* if fail to allocate, repeatedly calculate a new amount and
               allocate until success or no more memory left */
            while (alloc_status == FAIL) {
                new_count = new_count / 2; /* try smaller number of elements */
                if (new_count <= 0)        /* unable to allocate any memory */
                {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }

                /* re-calculate the size of the data block */
                data_size    = new_count * vp->HDFsize;
                alloc_status = SDIresizebuf((void **)&tBuf, &tBuf_size, data_size);
            }

            /* repeatedly convert, store blocks of data_size bytes of data
               from the user's buffer into the temporary buffer, and write
               out the temporary buffer until no more bytes left */

            /* number of elements left to be processed */
            elements_left = count;

            /* put a ptr at the beginning of the user buffer for read data */
            pvalues = values;

            while (elements_left > 0) {
                /* convert new_count elements in the user's buffer values and
                   write them into the temporary buffer */
                if (FAIL == DFKconvert(pvalues, tBuf, vp->HDFtype, (uint32)new_count, DFACC_WRITE, 0, 0)) {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }
                status = Hwrite(vp->aid, data_size, tBuf);
                if (status != data_size) {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }
                /* compute the number of elements left to be processed */
                elements_left = elements_left - new_count;

                /* adjust the # of elements in the final block and
                           compute that block's size if necessary */
                if (elements_left > 0 && elements_left < new_count) {
                    new_count = elements_left;
                    data_size = new_count * vp->szof;
                }

                /* advance pvalues on buffer "values" for next batch of data */
                pvalues = pvalues + data_size;
            } /* while more elements left to be processed */

            SDPfreebuf(); /* free tBuf and tValues if any exist */
        }                 /* end if convert */
        else {            /* no convert, write directly from the user's buffer */
            status = Hwrite(vp->aid, byte_count, values);

            if (status != byte_count) {
                ret_value = FAIL;
                goto done;
            }
        } /* no convert */
    }     /* XDR_ENCODE */

    /* if we get here and the length is 0, we need to finish writing out the fill-values */
    bytes_left = vp->len - (where + byte_count);
    if (elem_length <= 0 && bytes_left > 0) {
        if ((handle->flags & NC_NOFILL) == 0 || isspecial == SPECIAL_COMP) {
            int32  buf_size = bytes_left;
            int32  chunk_size;
            int32  tempbuf_size; /* num of bytes to allocate buffer tBuf */
            uint8 *write_buf = NULL;
            uint32 fill_count; /* number of fill values */

            /* this block is to work around the failure caused by
                allocating a large chunk for the temporary buffers.
                First, try to allocate the desired chunk for both buffers;
                if any allocation fails, reduce the chunk size in half and
                try again until both buffers are successfully allocated - BMR */

            chunk_size = MIN(buf_size, MAX_SIZE); /* initial chunk size */

            /* while any allocation fails */
            alloc_status = FAIL;
            while (alloc_status == FAIL) {
                /* first, try to allocate the buffer to hold the fill
                   values after conversion */
                alloc_status = SDIresizebuf((void **)&tValues, &tValues_size, chunk_size);

                /* then, if successful, try to allocate the temporary
                    buffer that holds the fill values before conversion */
                if (alloc_status != FAIL) {
                    /* calculate the size needed to allocate tBuf
                        by first calculating the number of fill values that
                    cover the chunk in buffer tValues after conversion...*/
                    fill_count = chunk_size / vp->HDFsize;

                    /* then use that number to compute the size of the
                       buffer to hold fill_count fill values of type
          vp->szof, i.e., before conversion */
                    tempbuf_size = fill_count * vp->szof;
                    alloc_status = SDIresizebuf((void **)&tBuf, &tBuf_size, tempbuf_size);
                } /* if first allocation successes */

                if (alloc_status == FAIL)        /* if any allocations fail */
                    chunk_size = chunk_size / 2; /* try smaller chunk size */

                if (chunk_size <= 0) /* unable to allocate any memory */
                {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }

            } /* while any allocation fails */

            /* Fill the temporary buffer tBuf with the fill-value specified                    in the
             * attribute if one exists, otherwise, with the default value */
            if (attr != NULL)
                HDmemfill(tBuf, (*attr)->data->values, vp->szof, fill_count);
            else
                NC_arrayfill(tBuf, tempbuf_size, vp->type);

            /* convert the fill-values, if necessary, and store them in the buffer tValues */
            if (convert) {
                if (FAIL == DFKconvert(tBuf, tValues, vp->HDFtype, fill_count, DFACC_WRITE, 0, 0)) {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }
                write_buf = (uint8 *)tValues;
            } /* end if */
            else
                write_buf = (uint8 *)tBuf;

            do {
                /* Write the fill-values out */
                status = Hwrite(vp->aid, chunk_size, write_buf);
                if (status != chunk_size) {
                    ret_value = FAIL;
                    goto done;
                }

                /* reduce the bytes still to be written */
                buf_size -= chunk_size;

                /* to take care of the last piece of data */
                chunk_size = MIN(chunk_size, buf_size);
            } while (buf_size > 0);
        } /* end if */
    }     /* end if */

done:
    return ret_value;
} /* hdf_xdr_NCvdata */

/* ------------------------- hdf_xdr_NCv1data ------------------- */
/*
 * read / write a single datum of type 'type' at 'where'
 * This is designed to replace the xdr based routine of the
 *  similar name
 * Return TRUE if everything worked, else FALSE
 */
static intn
hdf_xdr_NCv1data(NC *handle, NC_var *vp, unsigned long where, nc_type type, void *values)
{

    intn ret_value = SUCCEED;

    if (FAIL == DFKsetNT(vp->HDFtype)) {
        ret_value = FAIL;
        goto done;
    }

    ret_value = hdf_xdr_NCvdata(handle, vp, where, type, 1, values);

done:
    return ret_value;
} /* hdf_xdr_NCv1data */

/* -------------------------- nssdc_xdr_NCvdata --------------------------- */
/*
 *  Read / write 'count' items of contiguous data of type 'type' at 'where'
 *    out of a CDF file
 *
 * The calling routine is responsible for calling DFKsetNT() as required.
 *
 * NOTE: Do we really care about CDF anymore since we don't support
 *       it 100 percent -GV
 */
static bool_t
nssdc_xdr_NCvdata(NC *handle, NC_var *vp, unsigned long where, nc_type type, uint32 count, void *values)
{
    int32 status;
    int32 byte_count;

    (void)type;
    (void)values;

    /* position ourselves correctly */
    status = HI_SEEK((hdf_file_t)handle->cdf_fp, where);
    if (status == FAIL)
        return (FALSE);

    /* make sure our tmp buffer is big enough to hold everything */
    byte_count = count * vp->HDFsize;
    if (SDIresizebuf((void **)&tBuf, &tBuf_size, byte_count) == FAIL)
        return (FALSE);

    return (TRUE);

} /* nssdc_xdr_NCvdata */

static int
NCvar1io(NC *handle, int varid, const long *coords, Void *value)
{
    NC_var       *vp;
    unsigned long offset;

    if (handle->flags & NC_INDEF)
        return (-1);
    if (handle->vars == NULL)
        return (-1);

    vp = NC_hlookupvar(handle, varid);
    if (vp == NULL)
        return (-1);

    if (vp->assoc->count == 0) /* 'scaler' variable */
    {
        switch (handle->file_type) {
            case HDF_FILE:

                if (FAIL == hdf_xdr_NCv1data(handle, vp, vp->begin, vp->type, value))
                    return -1;
                else
                    return 0;
            case netCDF_FILE:
                return (xdr_NCv1data(handle->xdrs, vp->begin, vp->type, value) ? 0 : -1);
        }
    }

    if (!NCcoordck(handle, vp, coords))
        return (-1);

    offset = NC_varoffset(handle, vp, coords);

    switch (handle->file_type) {
        case HDF_FILE:
            if (FAIL == hdf_xdr_NCv1data(handle, vp, offset, vp->type, value))
                return (-1);
            break;
        case netCDF_FILE:
            if (!xdr_NCv1data(handle->xdrs, offset, vp->type, value))
                return (-1);
            break;
    }

    return (0);
}

int
ncvarput1(int cdfid, int varid, const long *coords, const ncvoid *value)
{
    NC *handle;

    cdf_routine_name = "ncvarput1";

    handle = NC_check_id(cdfid);
    if (handle == NULL)
        return (-1);

    if (!(handle->flags & NC_RDWR)) {
        NCadvise(NC_EPERM, "%s: NC_NOWRITE", handle->path);
        return (-1);
    }
    handle->xdrs->x_op = XDR_ENCODE;

    return (NCvar1io(handle, varid, coords, value));
}

int
ncvarget1(int cdfid, int varid, const long *coords, ncvoid *value)
{
    NC *handle;

    cdf_routine_name = "ncvarget1";

    handle = NC_check_id(cdfid);
    if (handle == NULL)
        return (-1);

    handle->xdrs->x_op = XDR_DECODE;

    return (NCvar1io(handle, varid, coords, (Void *)value));
}

/*
 * xdr 'count' items of contiguous data of type 'type' at 'where'
 */
static bool_t
xdr_NCvdata(XDR *xdrs, unsigned long where, nc_type type, unsigned count, Void *values)
{
    unsigned long rem = 0;
    bool_t (*xdr_NC_fnct)();
    bool_t stat;
    size_t szof;

    switch (type) {
        case NC_BYTE:
        case NC_CHAR:
        case NC_SHORT:
            rem = where % 4;
            where -= rem; /* round down to nearest word */
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
    if (!xdr_NCsetpos(xdrs, where))
        return (FALSE);

    switch (type) {
        case NC_BYTE:
        case NC_CHAR:
            if (rem != 0) {
                unsigned vcount = MIN(count, 4 - rem);
                if (!xdr_NCvbyte(xdrs, (unsigned)rem, vcount, values))
                    return (FALSE);
                values += vcount;
                count -= vcount;
            }

            rem = count % 4; /* tail remainder */
            count -= rem;
            if (!h4_xdr_opaque(xdrs, values, count))
                return (FALSE);

            if (rem != 0) {
                values += count;
                if (!xdr_NCvbyte(xdrs, (unsigned)0, (unsigned)rem, values))
                    return (FALSE);
                return (TRUE);
            } /* else */
            return (TRUE);
        case NC_SHORT:
            if (rem != 0) {
                if (!xdr_NCvshort(xdrs, (unsigned)1, (short *)values))
                    return (FALSE);
                values += sizeof(short);
                count -= 1;
            }
            rem = count % 2; /* tail remainder */
            count -= rem;
            if (!xdr_shorts(xdrs, (short *)values, count))
                return (FALSE);
            if (rem != 0) {
                values += (count * sizeof(short));
                return (xdr_NCvshort(xdrs, (unsigned)0, (short *)values));
            } /* else */
            return (TRUE);
        case NC_LONG:
            xdr_NC_fnct = h4_xdr_int;
            szof        = sizeof(nclong);
            break;
        case NC_FLOAT:
            xdr_NC_fnct = h4_xdr_float;
            szof        = sizeof(float);
            break;
        case NC_DOUBLE:
            xdr_NC_fnct = h4_xdr_double;
            szof        = sizeof(double);
            break;
        default:
            return (FALSE);
    }
    for (stat = TRUE; stat && (count > 0); count--) {
        stat = (*xdr_NC_fnct)(xdrs, values);
        values += szof;
    }
    return (stat);
}

/*
 *  For a "hypercube" put/get, compute the largest contiguous block
 */
static const long *
NCvcmaxcontig(NC *handle, NC_var *vp, const long *origin, const long *edges)
{
    const long    *edp, *orp;
    unsigned long *boundary, *shp;

    if (IS_RECVAR(vp)) {
        /*     one dimensional   &&  the only 'record' variable  */
        if (vp->assoc->count == 1 && handle->recsize <= vp->len) {
            return (edges);
        } /* else */
        boundary = vp->shape + 1;
    }
    else
        boundary = vp->shape;

    /* find max contiguous */
    shp = vp->shape + vp->assoc->count - 1; /* points to last dimension */
    edp = edges + vp->assoc->count - 1;     /* points to last edge */
    orp = origin + vp->assoc->count - 1;

    /* Traverse shp back to the beginning of boundary while checking that
    each edge is within limit between start coord and max of dimension */
    for (; shp >= boundary; shp--, edp--, orp--) {
        if (*edp > *shp - *orp || *edp < 0) {
            NCadvise(NC_EINVAL, "Invalid edge length %d", *edp);
            return (NULL);
        }
        if (*edp < *shp) {
            break;
            /* Why do we want to break here?  What if the later edge is out
            of limit and we break out as soon as a smaller edge is reached? -BMR */
        }
    }
    /* When all dimensions have been checked and shp has passed the first element
    in boundary and into undefined location, so did edp in edges, move edp
    forward once to point to the first element in edges.  -BMR, 4/15/2013 */
    if (shp < boundary) /* made it all the way */
        edp++;

    /* shp, edp reference last index s.t. shape[ii] == edge[ii] */
    return (edp);
}

static int
NCsimplerecio(NC *handle, NC_var *vp, const long *start, const long *edges, Void *values)
{
    long offset = -1;
    long newrecs;

    /* 'start' should be verified as valid upon prior to entry to this
     * routine
     */
    if (*edges <= 0) {
        NCadvise(NC_EINVALCOORDS, "%s: Invalid edge length %ld", vp->name->values, *edges);
        return -1;
    }

    /* check to see if we are trying to read beyond the end;
       Modification: (BMR - 11/10/2006) - replaced "handle->numrecs"
       with "vp->numrecs" to fix bug 525, ie. writing two unlimited
       1D datasets without closing the file in between the two writes
       caused the second dataset to contain garbage. */
    /* After fixing HDFFR-1385, need to reassess this issue. -BMR */
    newrecs = (*start + *edges) - vp->numrecs;
    if (handle->xdrs->x_op != XDR_ENCODE && newrecs > 0) {
        NCadvise(NC_EINVALCOORDS, "%s: Invalid Coordinates", vp->name->values);
        return -1;
    }

    offset = NC_varoffset(handle, vp, start);

    if (newrecs > 0)
        handle->flags |= NC_NDIRTY;

    switch (handle->file_type) {
        case HDF_FILE:
            DFKsetNT(vp->HDFtype);
            if (FAIL == hdf_xdr_NCvdata(handle, vp, offset, vp->type, (uint32)*edges, values))
                return (-1);
            break;
        case CDF_FILE:
            DFKsetNT(vp->HDFtype);
            if (!nssdc_xdr_NCvdata(handle, vp, offset, vp->type, (uint32)*edges, values))
                return (-1);
            break;
        case netCDF_FILE:
            if (!xdr_NCvdata(handle->xdrs, offset, vp->type, (unsigned)*edges, values))
                return (-1);
            break;
    }

    if (newrecs > 0) {
        /* Update var's numrecs first and then handle->numrecs if the first
        exceeds the latter (part of bugzilla 1378, i.e., JIRA HDFFR-167)
        - BMR, 12/30/2008 */
        vp->numrecs += newrecs;
        handle->numrecs = MAX(vp->numrecs, handle->numrecs);
        if (handle->flags & NC_NSYNC) /* write out header->numrecs NOW */
        {
            if (!xdr_numrecs(handle->xdrs, handle))
                return (-1);
            handle->flags &= ~NC_NDIRTY;
        }
    }
    return (0);
}

/*
 * The following routine is not `static' because it is used by the `putgetg'
 * module for generalized hyperslab access.
 */
int
NCvario(NC *handle, int varid, const long *start, const long *edges, void *values)
{
    NC_var       *vp;
    const long   *edp0, *edp;
    unsigned long iocount;

    if (handle->flags & NC_INDEF)
        return (-1);

    /* find the variable */
    if (handle->vars == NULL)
        return (-1);
    vp = NC_hlookupvar(handle, varid);
    if (vp == NULL)
        return (-1);

    if (handle->file_type != netCDF_FILE) {
        if (FAIL == DFKsetNT(vp->HDFtype))
            return -1;
    }

    if (vp->assoc->count == 0) /* 'scaler' variable */
    {
        switch (handle->file_type) {
            case HDF_FILE:
                if (FAIL == hdf_xdr_NCv1data(handle, vp, vp->begin, vp->type, values))
                    return -1;
                else
                    return 0;
            case netCDF_FILE:
                return (xdr_NCv1data(handle->xdrs, vp->begin, vp->type, values) ? 0 : -1);
        }
    }

    if (!NCcoordck(handle, vp, start))
        return (-1);

    if (IS_RECVAR(vp) && vp->assoc->count == 1 && handle->recsize <= vp->len) {
        /* one dimensional   &&  the only 'record' variable  */
        return (NCsimplerecio(handle, vp, start, edges, values));
    }

    /* find max contiguous, check sanity of edges */
    edp0 = NCvcmaxcontig(handle, vp, start, edges);
    if (edp0 == NULL)
        return (-1);

    /* now accumulate max count for a single io operation */
    edp     = edges + vp->assoc->count - 1; /* count is > 0 at this point */
    iocount = 1;
    for (; edp >= edp0; edp--)
        iocount *= *edp;
    /* now edp = edp0 - 1 */

    { /* inline */
        long          coords[H4_MAX_VAR_DIMS], upper[H4_MAX_VAR_DIMS];
        long         *cc;
        const long   *mm;
        unsigned long offset;
        size_t        szof = nctypelen(vp->type);

        /* copy in starting indices */
        cc = coords;
        mm = start;
        while (cc < &coords[vp->assoc->count])
            *cc++ = *mm++;

        /* set up in maximum indices */
        cc  = upper;
        mm  = coords;
        edp = edges;
        while (cc < &upper[vp->assoc->count])
            *cc++ = *mm++ + *edp++;

        /* ripple counter */
        cc = coords;
        mm = upper;
        while (*coords < *upper) {
            while (*cc < *mm) {
                if (edp0 == edges || mm == &upper[edp0 - edges - 1]) {
                    /* doit */
                    if (!NCcoordck(handle, vp, coords))
                        return (-1);
                    offset = NC_varoffset(handle, vp, coords);

                    switch (handle->file_type) {
                        case HDF_FILE:
                            if (FAIL ==
                                hdf_xdr_NCvdata(handle, vp, offset, vp->type, (uint32)iocount, values))
                                return (-1);
                            break;
                        case CDF_FILE:
                            if (!nssdc_xdr_NCvdata(handle, vp, offset, vp->type, (uint32)iocount, values))
                                return (-1);
                            break;
                        case netCDF_FILE:
                            if (!xdr_NCvdata(handle->xdrs, offset, vp->type, (unsigned)iocount, values))
                                return (-1);
                            break;
                    }

                    values = (void *)((const uint8 *)values + iocount * szof);
                    (*cc) += (edp0 == edges ? iocount : 1);
                    continue;
                }
                cc++;
                mm++;
            }
            if (cc == coords) {
                break;
            }
            *cc = start[cc - coords];
            cc--;
            mm--;
            (*cc)++;
        }
        /*
         * This is a kludge to work around the fact the NCcoordck() doesn't
         * get the upper limits on the slab to write out -QAK
         */
        if (upper[0] > vp->numrecs)
            vp->numrecs = upper[0];
    } /* end inline */

#ifdef NOTNOW
    /* Albert and I agree that this check below makes perfect sense, but it
     * causes the ncdiminq test to fail for unlimited length dimensions.
     * Perhaps someone with more time can look into this later.  -QAK
     * Perhaps it is only true for netCDF files. -BMR (2013-06-24)
     */
    /* HDFFR-1385: the fix for this bug may fix this problem too.-BMR */
    if (handle->numrecs < vp->numrecs)
        handle->numrecs = vp->numrecs;
#endif

    return (0);
}

int
ncvarput(int cdfid, int varid, const long *start, const long *edges, ncvoid *values)
{
    NC *handle;

    cdf_routine_name = "ncvarput";

    handle = NC_check_id(cdfid);
    if (handle == NULL)
        return (-1);

    if (!(handle->flags & NC_RDWR)) {
        NCadvise(NC_EPERM, "%s: NC_NOWRITE", handle->path);
        return (-1);
    }
    handle->xdrs->x_op = XDR_ENCODE;

    return (NCvario(handle, varid, start, edges, values));
}

/* --------------------------- NC_fill_buffer ---------------------------- */
/*
 *  Fills the provided array with user-defined fill value _FillValue or
 *  the default one.  The buffer size to be filled is computed using the
 *  provided parameter 'edges'.
 *  -BMR, 2013/8/29
 */
/* handle - file structure */
/* varid - var number in handle->vars list */
/* edges - size of the array's edges */
/* values - buffer to be filled */
int
NC_fill_buffer(NC *handle, int varid, const long *edges, void *values)
{
    NC_var       *vp   = NULL;
    NC_attr     **attr = NULL;
    unsigned long buf_size;

    /* Find the variable structure */
    if (handle->vars == NULL)
        return -1;
    vp = NC_hlookupvar(handle, varid);
    if (vp == NULL)
        return -1;

    /* Compute the size of the buffer using the edges */
    buf_size = 1;
    for (int ii = 0; ii < vp->assoc->count; ii++)
        buf_size = buf_size * edges[ii];

    /* Find user-defined fill-value and fill the buffer with it */
    attr = NC_findattr(&vp->attrs, _FillValue);
    if (attr != NULL) {
        if (HDmemfill(values, (*attr)->data->values, vp->szof, buf_size) == NULL) {
            return -1;
        }
        /* If no user-defined fill-value, fill the buffer with default fill-value */
        else {
            NC_arrayfill(values, buf_size * vp->szof, vp->type);
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

/* ---------------------------- ncvarget ----------------------------- */
/*
 *  Reads data from the variable 'varid'.  The starting position and size
 *  of the data are specified by parameters 'start' and 'edges'.
 *
 *  If the requested size exceeds the boundary of the actual data, ncvarget
 *  will fill the provided buffer with user-defined fill values or the
 *  default fill values (via NC_fill_buffer.)
 *
 *  If the requested size exceeds not only the boundary of the actual data,
 *  but also the maximum number of records in the file, ncvarget will fail.
 *
 *  -BMR, 2013/8/29
 */
int
ncvarget(int cdfid, int varid, const long *start, const long *edges, ncvoid *values)
{
    NC *handle;
    int status = 0;

    cdf_routine_name = "ncvarget";

    /* Get the file handle */
    handle = NC_check_id(cdfid);
    if (handle == NULL)
        return (-1);

    /* Fill the buffer with fill-values before passing it into NCvario to
    read the requested data */
    status = NC_fill_buffer(handle, varid, edges, values);
    if (status == FAIL)
        return (-1);

    handle->xdrs->x_op = XDR_DECODE;

    return (NCvario(handle, varid, start, edges, (Void *)values));
}

/* This is the original ncvarget.  Keep for a while just in case. -BMR
int ncvarget(cdfid, varid, start, edges, values)
int cdfid ;
int varid ;
const long *start ;
const long *edges ;
ncvoid *values ;
{
    NC *handle ;

    cdf_routine_name = "ncvarget" ;

    handle = NC_check_id(cdfid) ;
    if(handle == NULL)
        return(-1) ;

    handle->xdrs->x_op = XDR_DECODE ;

    return( NCvario(handle, varid, start, edges, (Void *)values) ) ;
}
 */

/* Begin recio */

/*
 * Returns number of record variables in an open netCDF file,
 * Optionally fills an array of record variable handles.
 * Optionally fills an array of record variable ids.
 * Returns -1 on error.
 */
static int
NCnumrecvars(NC *handle, NC_var **vpp, int *recvarids)
{
    NC_var **dp;
    int      ii;
    int      nrecvars = 0;

    if (handle->vars == NULL)
        return -1;

    dp = (NC_var **)handle->vars->values;
    for (ii = 0; ii < handle->vars->count; ii++, dp++) {
        if (IS_RECVAR((*dp))) {
            if (vpp != NULL)
                vpp[nrecvars] = *dp;
            if (recvarids != NULL)
                recvarids[nrecvars] = ii;
            nrecvars++;
        }
    }
    return nrecvars;
}

static long
NCelemsPerRec(NC_var *vp)
{
    long nelems = 1;
    int  jj;
    for (jj = 1; jj < vp->assoc->count; jj++)
        nelems *= vp->shape[jj];
    return nelems;
}

/*
 * Retrieves the number of record variables, the record variable ids, and the
 * record size of each record variable.  If any pointer to info to be returned
 * is null, the associated information is not returned.  Returns -1 on error.
 */
int
ncrecinq(int cdfid, int *nrecvars, int *recvarids, long *recsizes)
{
    NC     *handle;
    int     nrvars;
    NC_var *rvp[H4_MAX_NC_VARS];

    cdf_routine_name = "ncrecinq";

    handle = NC_check_id(cdfid);
    if (handle == NULL)
        return (-1);

    nrvars = NCnumrecvars(handle, rvp, recvarids);
    if (nrvars == -1)
        return -1;

    if (nrecvars != NULL)
        *nrecvars = nrvars;

    if (recsizes != NULL) {
        int ii;
        for (ii = 0; ii < nrvars; ii++) {
            recsizes[ii] = nctypelen(rvp[ii]->type) * NCelemsPerRec(rvp[ii]);
        }
    }
    return nrvars;
}

static int
NCrecio(NC *handle, long recnum, Void **datap)
{
    int           nrvars;
    NC_var       *rvp[H4_MAX_NC_VARS];
    int           ii;
    long          coords[H4_MAX_VAR_DIMS];
    unsigned long offset;
    unsigned      iocount;

    nrvars = NCnumrecvars(handle, rvp, (int *)NULL);
    if (nrvars == -1)
        return -1; /* TODO: what error message ?*/

    memset(coords, 0, sizeof(coords));
    coords[0] = recnum;
    for (ii = 0; ii < nrvars; ii++) {
        if (datap[ii] == NULL)
            continue;
        /* else */
        offset  = NC_varoffset(handle, rvp[ii], coords);
        iocount = NCelemsPerRec(rvp[ii]);

        switch (handle->file_type) {
            case HDF_FILE:
                DFKsetNT(rvp[ii]->HDFtype);
                if (FAIL ==
                    hdf_xdr_NCvdata(handle, rvp[ii], offset, rvp[ii]->type, (uint32)iocount, datap[ii]))
                    return (-1);
                break;
            case CDF_FILE:
                DFKsetNT(rvp[ii]->HDFtype);
                if (!nssdc_xdr_NCvdata(handle, rvp[ii], offset, rvp[ii]->type, (uint32)iocount, datap[ii]))
                    return (-1);
                break;
            case netCDF_FILE:
                if (!xdr_NCvdata(handle->xdrs, offset, rvp[ii]->type, iocount, datap[ii]))
                    return (-1);
                break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

/*
 * Write one record's worth of data, except don't write to variables for which
 * the address of the data to be written is null.  Return -1 on error.
 */
int
ncrecput(int cdfid, long recnum, ncvoid **datap)
{
    NC  *handle;
    long unfilled;

    cdf_routine_name = "ncrecput";

    handle = NC_check_id(cdfid);
    if (handle == NULL)
        return (-1);
    if (handle->flags & NC_INDEF)
        return (-1);

    if ((unfilled = recnum - handle->numrecs) >= 0) {
        handle->flags |= NC_NDIRTY;
        if (handle->flags & NC_NOFILL) {
            /* Go directly to jail, do not pass go */
            handle->numrecs = recnum + 1;
        }
        else {
            /* fill out new records */
            if (!xdr_NCsetpos(handle->xdrs, handle->begin_rec + handle->recsize * handle->numrecs)) {
                nc_serror("seek, rec %ld", handle->numrecs);
                return (FALSE);
            }
            for (; unfilled >= 0; unfilled--, handle->numrecs++) {
                if (!NCfillrecord(handle->xdrs, (NC_var **)handle->vars->values, handle->vars->count)) {
                    nc_serror("NCfillrec, rec %ld", handle->numrecs);
                    return (FALSE);
                }
            }
        }
        if (handle->flags & NC_NSYNC) /* write out header->numrecs NOW */
        {
            if (!xdr_numrecs(handle->xdrs, handle))
                return (FALSE);
            handle->flags &= ~NC_NDIRTY;
        }
    }

    handle->xdrs->x_op = XDR_ENCODE;

    return (NCrecio(handle, recnum, (Void **)datap));
}

/*
 * Read one record's worth of data, except don't read from variables for which
 * the address of the data to be read is null.  Return -1 on error;
 */
int
ncrecget(int cdfid, long recnum, ncvoid **datap)
{
    NC *handle;

    cdf_routine_name = "ncrecget";

    handle = NC_check_id(cdfid);
    if (handle == NULL)
        return (-1);
    if (handle->flags & NC_INDEF)
        return (-1);

    handle->xdrs->x_op = XDR_DECODE;

    return (NCrecio(handle, recnum, (Void **)datap));
}
