      ______________________________________________________________________

      Annex 0 (normative)

      Compatibility features                                          [depr]

      ______________________________________________________________________

    1 This Clause describes features of the C++ Standard that are  specified
      for compatibility with existing implementations.

    2 These  are deprecated features, where deprecated is defined as: Norma-
      tive for the current edition of the Standard, but not guaranteed to be
      part of the Standard in future revisions.

      1.1  Postfix increment operator                       [depr.post.incr]

    1 The  use  of  an  operand of type bool with the postfix ++ operator is
      deprecated (see _expr.post.incr_).

      1.2  static keyword                                      [depr.static]

    1 The use of the static keyword is deprecated when declaring objects  in
      namespace scope (see _basic.scope.namespace_).

      1.3  Access declarations                             [depr.access.dcl]

    1 Access declarations are deprecated (see _class.access.dcl_).

      1.4  Implicit conversion from const strings              [depr.string]

    1 The  implicit  conversion  from  const  to non-const qualification for
      string literals (_ptr.array_) is deprecated.

      1.5  Standard C library headers                       [depr.c.headers]

    1 For compatibility with  the  Standard  C  library,  the  C++  Standard
      library provides the 18 C headers, as shown in Table 1:

                                Table 1--C Headers

          <assert.h>   <iso646.h>   <setjmp.h>   <stdio.h>    <wchar.h>
          <ctype.h>    <limits.h>   <signal.h>   <stdlib.h>   <wctype.h>
          <errno.h>    <locale.h>   <stdarg.h>   <string.h>
          <float.h>    <math.h>     <stddef.h>   <time.h>

    2 Each C header, whose name has the form name.h, behaves as if each name
      placed in the Standard library namespace by  the  corresponding  cname
      header  is also placed within the namespace scope of the namespace std
      and is followed by an explicit using-declaration (_namespace.udecl_)

    3 [Example: The header <cstdlib> provides its declarations  and  defini-
      tions  within  the  namespace  std.  The header <stdlib.h> makes these
      available in the global name space, much as in the C Standard.   --end
      example]

      1.6  Old iostreams members                          [depr.ios.members]

    1 The  following  member  names  are  in  addition to names specified in
      Clause _lib.input.output_:
      namespace std {
        class ios_base {
        public:
          typedef T1  io_state;
          typedef T2 open_mode;
          typedef T3  seek_dir;
          typedef OFF_T  streamoff;
          typedef OFF_T  streampos;
          // remainder unchanged
        };
      }

    2 The type io_state is a synonym for an integer type (indicated here  as
      T1) that permits certain member functions to overload others on param-
      eters of type iostate and provide the same behavior.

    3 The type open_mode is a synonym for an integer type (indicated here as
      T2) that permits certain member functions to overload others on param-
      eters of type openmode and provide the same behavior.

    4 The type seek_dir is a synonym for an integer type (indicated here  as
      T3) that permits certain member functions to overload others on param-
      eters of type seekdir and provide the same behavior.

    5 The type streamoff is an implementation-defined  type  that  satisfies
      the requirements of type OFF_T (_lib.iostreams.off.t_).

    6 The  type  streampos  is an implementation-defined type that satisfies
      the requirements of type POS_T (_lib.iostreams.pos.t_).

    7 An implementation may provide the following  additional  member  func-
      tion,   which   has  the  effect  of  calling  sbumpc()  (_lib.stream-
      buf.pub.get_):

      namespace std {
        template<class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
        class basic_streambuf {
        public:
          void stossc();
          // remainder unchanged
        };
      }

    8 An implementation may provide  the  following  member  functions  that
      overload signatures specified in Clause _lib.iostreams_:
      namespace std {
        template<class charT, class Traits> class basic_ios {
        public:
          void clear(io_state state);
          void setstate(io_state state);
          // remainder unchanged
        };
        class ios_base {
        public:
          void exceptions(io_state);
          // remainder unchanged
        };
        template<class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
        class basic_streambuf {
        public:
          pos_type pubseekoff(off_type off, ios_base::seek_dir way,
                    ios_base::open_mode which = ios_base::in | ios_base::out);
          pos_type pubseekpos(pos_type sp,
                    ios_base::open_mode which = ios_base::in | ios_base::out);
          // remainder unchanged
        };
        template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
        class basic_filebuf : public basic_streambuf<charT,traits> {
        public:
          basic_filebuf<charT,traits>* open(const char* s, ios_base::open_mode mode);
          // remainder unchanged
        };
        template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
        class basic_ifstream : public basic_istream<charT,traits> {
        public:
          void open(const char* s, ios_base::open_mode mode = in);
          // remainder unchanged
        };
        template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
        class basic_ofstream : public basic_ostream<charT,traits> {
        public:
          void open(const char* s, ios_base::open_mode mode = out | trunc);
          // remainder unchanged
        };
      }

    9 The  effects  of  these  functions is to call the corresponding member
      function specified in Clause _lib.input.output_.

      1.7  char* streams                               [depr.str.strstreams]

    1 The header <strstream>  defines  three  types  that  associate  stream
      buffers  with  character  array objects and assist reading and writing
      such objects.

      1.7.1  Class strstreambuf                          [depr.strstreambuf]
      namespace std {
        class strstreambuf : public basic_streambuf<char> {
        public:
          explicit strstreambuf(streamsize alsize_arg = 0);
          strstreambuf(void* (*palloc_arg)(size_t), void (*pfree_arg)(void*));
          strstreambuf(char* gnext_arg, streamsize n, char* pbeg_arg = 0);
          strstreambuf(const char* gnext_arg, streamsize n);
          strstreambuf(signed char* gnext_arg, streamsize n,
                       signed char* pbeg_arg = 0);
          strstreambuf(const signed char* gnext_arg, streamsize n);
          strstreambuf(unsigned char* gnext_arg, streamsize n,
                       unsigned char* pbeg_arg = 0);
          strstreambuf(const unsigned char* gnext_arg, streamsize n);
          virtual ~strstreambuf();
          void  freeze(bool freezefl = 1);
          char* str();
          int   pcount();
        protected:
          virtual int_type overflow (int_type c = EOF);
          virtual int_type pbackfail(int_type c = EOF);
          virtual int_type underflow();
          virtual pos_type seekoff(off_type off, ios_base::seekdir way,
                                   ios_base::openmode which
                                    = ios_base::in | ios_base::out);
          virtual pos_type seekpos(pos_type sp, ios_base::openmode which
                                    = ios_base::in | ios_base::out);
          virtual streambuf<char>* setbuf(char* s, streamsize n);
        private:
      //  typedef T1 strstate;                exposition only
      //  static const strstate allocated;    exposition only
      //  static const strstate constant;     exposition only
      //  static const strstate dynamic;      exposition only
      //  static const strstate frozen;       exposition only
      //  strstate strmode;                   exposition only
      //  streamsize alsize;                  exposition only
      //  void* (*palloc)(size_t);            exposition only
      //  void (*pfree)(void*);               exposition only
        };
      }

    1 The class strstreambuf associates the input sequence, and possibly the
      output  sequence,  with  an object of some character array type, whose
      elements  store  arbitrary  values.   The  array  object  has  several
      attributes.

    2 [Note:  For  the sake of exposition, these are represented as elements
      of a bitmask  type  (indicated  here  as  T1)  called  strstate.   The

      elements are:

      --allocated,  set  when a dynamic array object has been allocated, and
        hence should be freed by the destructor for the strstreambuf object;

      --constant,  set when the array object has const elements, so the out-
        put sequence cannot be written;

      --dynamic, set when the array object is allocated (or reallocated)  as
        necessary to hold a character sequence that can change in length;

      --frozen, set when the program has requested that the array object not
        be altered, reallocated, or freed.   --end note]

    3 [Note: For the sake of exposition, the maintained  data  is  presented
      here as:

      --strstate strmode, the attributes of the array object associated with
        the strstreambuf object;

      --int alsize, the suggested minimum size for a dynamic array object;

      --void* (*palloc)(size_t), points to the function to call to  allocate
        a dynamic array object;

      --void  (*pfree)(void*),  points  to  the  function  to call to free a
        dynamic array object.   --end note]

    4 Each object of class strstreambuf has a seekable  area,  delimited  by
      the  pointers  seeklow  and seekhigh.  If gnext is a null pointer, the
      seekable area  is  undefined.   Otherwise,  seeklow  equals  gbeg  and
      seekhigh is either pend, if pend is not a null pointer, or gend.

      1.7.1.1  strstreambuf constructors            [depr.strstreambuf.cons]

      explicit strstreambuf(streamsize alsize_arg = 0);

      Effects:
        Constructs  an  object  of class strstreambuf, initializing the base
        class with streambuf().
        The postconditions of this function are indicated in Table 2:

                     Table 2--strstreambuf(streamsize) effects

                             +-------------------------+
                             |Element       Value      |
                             +-------------------------+
                             |strmode   dynamic        |
                             |alsize    alsize_arg     |
                             |palloc    a null pointer |
                             |pfree     a null pointer |
                             +-------------------------+

      strstreambuf(void* (*palloc_arg)(size_t), void (*pfree_arg)(void*));

      Effects:
        Constructs an object of class strstreambuf,  initializing  the  base
        class with streambuf().
        The postconditions of this function are indicated in Table 3:

          Table 3--strstreambuf(void* (*)(size_t),void (*)(void*) effects

                          +-------------------------------+
                          |Element          Value         |
                          +-------------------------------+
                          |strmode   dynamic              |
                          |alsize    an unspecified value |
                          |palloc    palloc_arg           |
                          |pfree     pfree_arg            |
                          +-------------------------------+

      strstreambuf(char* gnext_arg, streamsize n, char *pbeg_arg = 0);
      strstreambuf(signed char* gnext_arg, streamsize n,
                                                 signed char *pbeg_arg = 0);
      strstreambuf(unsigned char* gnext_arg, streamsize n,
                                                 unsigned char *pbeg_arg = 0);

      Effects:
        Constructs  an  object  of class strstreambuf, initializing the base
        class with streambuf().
        The postconditions of this function are indicated in Table 4:

              Table 4--strstreambuf(charT*,streamsize,charT*) effects

                          +-------------------------------+
                          |Element          Value         |
                          +-------------------------------+
                          |strmode   0                    |
                          |alsize    an unspecified value |
                          |palloc    a null pointer       |
                          |pfree     a null pointer       |
                          +-------------------------------+

    1 gnext_arg shall point to the first element of an  array  object  whose
      number of elements N is determined as follows:

      --If n > 0, N is n.

      --If n == 0, N is std::strlen(gnext_arg).

      --If n < 0, N is INT_MAX.1)

    2 If pbeg_arg is a null pointer, the function executes:
        setg(gnext_arg, gnext_arg, gnext_arg + N);

    3 Otherwise, the function executes:
        setg(gnext_arg, gnext_arg, pbeg_arg);
        setp(pbeg_arg,  pbeg_arg + N);

      strstreambuf(const char* gnext_arg, streamsize n);
      strstreambuf(const signed char* gnext_arg, streamsize n);
      strstreambuf(const unsigned char* gnext_arg, streamsize n);

      Effects:
        Behaves  the  same  as strstreambuf((char*)gnext_arg,n), except that
        the constructor also sets constant in strmode.

      virtual ~strstreambuf();

      Effects:
        Destroys an object of class strstreambuf.  The  function  frees  the
        dynamically  allocated array object only if strmode & allocated != 0
        and strmode & frozen == 0.   (Subclause  _lib.strstreambuf.virtuals_
        describes how a dynamically allocated array object is freed.)

      _________________________
      1)   The   function  signature  strlen(const  char*)  is  declared  in
      <cstring>.   (_lib.c.strings_).   The  macro  INT_MAX  is  defined  in
      <climits> (_lib.support.limits_).

      1.7.1.2  Member functions                  [depr.strstreambuf.members]

      void freeze(bool freezefl = 1);

      Effects:
        If  strmode  &  dynamic is non-zero, alters the freeze status of the
        dynamic array object as follows:

      --If freezefl is false, the function sets frozen in strmode.

      --Otherwise, it clears frozen in strmode.

      char* str();

      Effects:
        Calls freeze(), then returns the beginning  pointer  for  the  input
        sequence, gbeg.
      Notes:
        The return value can be a null pointer.

      int pcount() const;

      Effects:
        If  the  next  pointer  for  the  output  sequence, pnext, is a null
        pointer, returns zero.  Otherwise,  returns  the  current  effective
        length  of  the array object as the next pointer minus the beginning
        pointer for the output sequence, pnext - pbeg.

      1.7.1.3  strstreambuf overridden          [depr.strstreambuf.virtuals]
           virtual functions

      int_type overflow(int_type c = EOF);

      Effects:
        Appends  the  character  designated  by c to the output sequence, if
        possible, in one of two ways:

      --If c != EOF and if either the output sequence has a  write  position
        available  or  the  function  makes  a  write position available (as
        described below), assigns c to *pnext++.
        Returns (unsigned char)c.

      --If c == EOF, there is no character to append.
        Returns a value other than EOF.

    1 Returns EOF to indicate failure.
      Notes:
        The function can alter the number of write positions available as  a
        result of any call.

        To  make  a  write  position available, the function reallocates (or
        initially allocates) an array object with  a  sufficient  number  of
        elements  n to hold the current array object (if any), plus at least
        one additional write position.  How many additional write  positions
        are  made  available  is otherwise unspecified.2) If palloc is not a
        null pointer, the function calls (*palloc)(n) to  allocate  the  new
        dynamic  array  object.   Otherwise, it evaluates the expression new
        charT[n].  In either case, if the  allocation  fails,  the  function
        returns EOF.  Otherwise, it sets allocated in strmode.

    2 To free a previously existing dynamic array object whose first element
      address is p: If pfree is not  a  null  pointer,  the  function  calls
      (*pfree)(p).  Otherwise, it evaluates the expression delete[] p.

    3 If  strmode  & dynamic == 0, or if strmode & frozen != 0, the function
      cannot extend the array (reallocate it with greater length) to make  a
      write position available.

      int_type pbackfail(int_type c = EOF);

    4 Puts back the character designated by c to the input sequence, if pos-
      sible, in one of three ways:

      --If c != EOF, if the input sequence has a putback position available,
        and if (char)c == gnext[-1], assigns gnext - 1 to gnext.
        Returns c.

      --If c != EOF, if the input sequence has a putback position available,
        and if strmode & constant is zero, assigns c to *--gnext.
        Returns c.

      --If c == EOF and if the input sequence has a putback position  avail-
        able, assigns gnext - 1 to gnext.
        Returns a value other than EOF.

    5 Returns EOF to indicate failure.
      Notes:
        If  the  function  can succeed in more than one of these ways, it is
        unspecified which way is chosen.  The function can alter the  number
        of putback positions available as a result of any call.

      int_type underflow();

      Effects:
        Reads a character from the input sequence, if possible, without mov-
        ing the stream position past it, as follows:

      _________________________
      2) An implementation should consider alsize in making this decision.

      --If the input sequence has a read position  available,  the  function
        signals success by returning (unsigned char)*gnext.

      --Otherwise,  if  the  current  write next pointer pnext is not a null
        pointer and is greater than the current read end pointer gend, makes
        a read position available by: assigning to gend a value greater than
        gnext and no greater than pnext.
        Returns (unsigned char)*gnext.

    6 Returns EOF to indicate failure.
      Notes:
        The function can alter the number of read positions available  as  a
        result of any call.

      pos_type seekoff(off_type off, seekdir way, openmode which = in | out);

      Effects:
        Alters  the  stream position within one of the controlled sequences,
        if possible, as indicated in Table 5:

                            Table 5--seekoff positioning

      +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
      |     Conditions                            Result                      |
      +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
      (which & ios::in) != 0 positions the input sequence                     |
      +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
      (which & ios::out) != 0positions the output sequence                    |
      +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
      |Otherwise,                                                              |
      (which & (ios::in |    positions both the input and the output sequences|
      ios::out)) == (ios::in                                                  |
      | ios::out))                                                            |
      |and way == either                                                       |
      ios::beg or ios::end                                                    |
      +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
      |Otherwise,             the positioning operation fails.                 |
      +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+

    7 For  a  sequence  to  be  positioned,  if  its  next pointer is a null
      pointer, the positioning operation  fails.   Otherwise,  the  function
      determines newoff as indicated in Table 6:

                              Table 6--newoff values

            +---------------------------------------------------------+
            |      Condition                   newoff Value           |
            +---------------------------------------------------------+
            |way == ios::beg          0                               |
            +---------------------------------------------------------+
            |way == ios::cur          the next pointer minus the be-  |
            |                         ginning pointer (xnext - xbeg)  |
            +---------------------------------------------------------+
            |way == ios::end          seekhigh minus the beginning    |
            |                         pointer (seekhigh - xbeg)       |
            +---------------------------------------------------------+
            |If (newoff + off) <      the positioning operation fails |
            |(seeklow - xbeg),                                        |
            |or (seekhigh - xbeg) <                                   |
            |(newoff + off)                                           |
            +---------------------------------------------------------+

    8 Otherwise,  the  function  assigns  xbeg  +  newoff  + off to the next
      pointer xnext.
      Returns:
        pos_type(newoff), constructed from the resultant offset  newoff  (of
        type off_type), that stores the resultant stream position, if possi-
        ble.  If the positioning operation  fails,  or  if  the  constructed
        object  cannot  represent  the resultant stream position, the object
        stores an invalid stream position.

      pos_type seekpos(pos_type sp, ios_base::openmode which
                        = ios_base::in | ios_base::out);

      Effects:
        Alters the stream position within one of the  controlled  sequences,
        if  possible,  to correspond to the stream position stored in sp (as
        described below).

      --If (which & ios::in) != 0, positions the input sequence.

      --If (which & ios::out) != 0, positions the output sequence.

      --If the function positions neither sequence, the  positioning  opera-
        tion fails.

    9 For  a  sequence  to  be  positioned,  if  its  next pointer is a null
      pointer, the positioning operation  fails.   Otherwise,  the  function
      determines newoff from sp.offset():

      --If  newoff  is  an invalid stream position, has a negative value, or
        has a value greater  than  (seekhigh  -  seeklow),  the  positioning

        operation fails

      --Otherwise,  the  function  adds newoff to the beginning pointer xbeg
        and stores the result in the next pointer xnext.
      Returns:
        pos_type(newoff), constructed from the resultant offset  newoff  (of
        type off_type), that stores the resultant stream position, if possi-
        ble.  If the positioning operation  fails,  or  if  the  constructed
        object  cannot  represent  the resultant stream position, the object
        stores an invalid stream position.
          streambuf<char>* setbuf(char* s, streamsize n);
      Effects:
        Performs an operation that is  defined  separately  for  each  class
        derived from strstreambuf.

      1.7.2  Class istrstream                              [depr.istrstream]
      namespace std {
        class istrstream : public basic_istream<char> {
        public:
          explicit istrstream(const char* s);
          explicit istrstream(char* s);
          istrstream(const char* s, streamsize n);
          istrstream(char* s, streamsize n);
          virtual ~istrstream();
          strstreambuf* rdbuf() const;
          char *str();
        private:
      //  strstreambuf sb;    exposition only
        };
      }

    1 The  class  istrstream  supports  the  reading  of  objects  of  class
      strstreambuf.  It supplies a strstreambuf object to control the  asso-
      ciated  array object.  For the sake of exposition, the maintained data
      is presented here as:

      --sb, the strstreambuf object.

      1.7.2.1  istrstream constructors                [depr.istrstream.cons]

      explicit istrstream(const char* s);
      explicit istrstream(char* s);

      Effects:
        Constructs an object of  class  istrstream,  initializing  the  base
        class with istream(&sb) and initializing sb with strstreambuf(s,0)).
        s shall designate the first element of an NTBS.

      istrstream(const char* s, streamsize n);

      Effects:
        Constructs an object of  class  istrstream,  initializing  the  base
        class with istream(&sb) and initializing sb with strstreambuf(s,n)).
        s shall designate the first element of an array whose  length  is  n
        elements, and n shall be greater than zero.

      1.7.2.2  Member functions                    [depr.istrstream.members]

      strstreambuf* rdbuf() const;

      Returns:
        (strstreambuf*)&sb.

      char* str();

      Returns:
        rdbuf()->str().

      1.7.3  Class ostrstream                              [depr.ostrstream]
      namespace std {
        class ostrstream : public basic_ostream<char> {
        public:
          ostrstream();
          ostrstream(char* s, int n, ios_base::openmode mode = ios_base::out);
          virtual ~ostrstream();
          strstreambuf* rdbuf() const;
          void freeze(int freezefl = 1);
          char* str();
          int pcount() const;
        private:
      //  strstreambuf sb;    exposition only
        };
      }

    1 The  class  ostrstream  supports  the  writing  of  objects  of  class
      strstreambuf.  It supplies a strstreambuf object to control the  asso-
      ciated  array object.  For the sake of exposition, the maintained data
      is presented here as:

      --sb, the strstreambuf object.

      1.7.3.1  ostrstream constructors                [depr.ostrstream.cons]

          ostrstream();

      Effects:
        Constructs an object of  class  ostrstream,  initializing  the  base
        class with ostream(&sb) and initializing sb with strstreambuf()).

      ostrstream(char* s, int n, ios_base::openmode mode = ios_base::out);

      Effects:
        Constructs  an  object  of  class  ostrstream, initializing the base
        class with ostream(&sb), and initializing sb with one  of  two  con-
        structors:

      --If  mode  & app == 0, then s shall designate the first element of an
        array of n elements.
        The constructor is strstreambuf(s, n, s).

      --If mode & app != 0, then s shall designate the first element  of  an
        array  of  n  elements  that contains an NTBS whose first element is
        designated by s.
        The constructor is strstreambuf(s, n, s + ::strlen(s)).3)

      1.7.3.2  Member functions                    [depr.ostrstream.members]

      strstreambuf* rdbuf() const;

      Returns:
        (strstreambuf*)&sb.

      void freeze(int freezefl = 1);

      Effects:
        Calls rdbuf()->freeze(freezefl).

      char* str();

      Returns:
        rdbuf()->str().

      int pcount() const;

      Returns:
        rdbuf()->pcount().

      1.7.4  Class strstream                                [depr.strstream]

      _________________________
      3) The function signature strlen(const char*) is declared in <cstring>
      (_lib.c.strings_).

      namespace std {
        class strstream
          : public basic_iostream<char> {
        public:
        // Types
          typedef char                                char_type;
          typedef typename char_traits<char>::int_type int_type
          typedef typename char_traits<char>::pos_type pos_type;
          typedef typename char_traits<char>::off_type off_type;
        // consturctors/destructor
          strstream();
          strstream(char* s, int n,
                    ios_base::openmode mode = ios_base::in|ios_base::out);
          virtual ~strstream();
        // Members:
          strstreambuf* rdbuf() const;
          void freeze(int freezefl = 1);
          int pcount() const;
          char* str();
        private:
        // strstreambuf sb; exposition only
        };
      }

    1 The  class  strstream  supports  reading  and  writing from objects of
      classs strstreambuf.  It supplies a strstreambuf object to control the
      associated  array  object.  For the sake of exposition, the maintained
      data is presented here as

      --sb, the strstreambuf object.

      1.7.4.1  strstream constructors                  [depr.strstream.cons]

      strstream();

      Effects:
        Constructs an object of class strstream, initializing the base class
        with iostream(&sb).

      strstream(char* s, int n,
                ios_base::openmode mode = ios_base::in|ios_base::out);

      Effects:
        Constructs an object of class strstream, initializing the base class
        with iostream(&sb) and initializing sb with one of the two construc-
        tors:

      --If mode&app==0, then s shall designate the first element of an array
        of n elements.  The constructor is strstreambuf(s,n,s).

      --If mode&app==0, then s shall designate the first element of an array

        of  n  elements  that contains an NTBS whose first element is desig-
        nated by s.  The constructor is strstreambuf(s,n,s+::strlen(s)).

      1.7.4.2  strstream destructor                    [depr.strstream.dest]

      virtual ~strstream()

      Effects:
        Destroys an object of class strstream.

      strstreambuf* rdbuf() const;

      Returns:
        &sb.

      1.7.4.3  strstream operations                    [depr.strstream.oper]

      void freeze(int freezefl = 1);

      Effects:
        Calls rdbuf()->freeze(freezefl).

      char* str();

      Returns:
        rdbuf()->str().

      int pcount() const;

      Returns:
        rdbuf()->pcount().